ParisTech

About: ParisTech is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Finite element method & Residual stress. The organization has 1888 authors who have published 1965 publications receiving 55532 citations. The organization is also known as: Paris Institute of Technology & ParisTech Développement.

The reliability of the anterior pelvic plane for computer navigated acetabular component placement during total hip arthroplasty: Prospective study with the EOS imaging system

Abstract: Introduction Computer navigated total hip arthroplasty is mostly based on the use of the anterior pelvic plane (APP) as a reference. EOS is a new imaging system that provides three-dimensional analysis of the pelvis in a functional position with a low dose of radiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the APP for placement of the cup during computer navigated THA using EOS. Hypothesis The reliability of the APP is limited for the placement of the acetabular cup during computer navigated THA. Materials and methods This was a prospective monocentric study using the EOS imaging system evaluating 44 patients in the standing position three months after computer navigated THA (Orthopilot™). Reproducibility of EOS measurements were analyzed using SterEOS software and the reliability of the navigation data for the position of the cup were assessed. Results Intra and interobserver reproducibility of the measurements of the orientation of the cup by EOS were good with correlation coefficients above 93% and 95% and confidence intervals of less than ± 5°. Mean cup inclination and anteversion were 41.3° and 20.9° and 44.3° and 29.5° respectively in operatively and post-operatively. The differences between measurements of operative cup inclination using computer assisted navigation and the post-operative EOS measurements were significant ( P Discussion Our study confirms the lack of precision of the APP as a reference for positioning of the acetabular component, especially in relation to anteversion. Although for many years the APP was considered to be a global reference, in fact, it is subject to significant inter-individual variations and variations during changes in position. These factors, associated with the difficulty of determining the preoperative APP, explain the lack of reliability of this reference. Preoperative evaluation of the orientation of APP by EOS and its integration into the navigation system could help the operator position these components. Level of evidence Level III Prospective diagnostic case controlled study.

Creativity and scientific discovery with infused design and its analysis with C–K theory

Abstract: Creativity is central to human activity and is a powerful force in personal and organizational success. Approaches to supporting creativity are diverse and numerous. The only way to understand the diversity and utility of these methods is through their careful analysis. The analysis conducted in this paper is done with the aid of a theory. As a first step, we use infused design (ID) method to generate new concepts and methods in the classic discipline of statics, in addition to its prior use in the generation of a number of creative designs. The use of the ID method in the creative scientific discovery process is modeled with C–K design theory, leading to better understanding of ID and C–K. The exercise in this paper illustrates how the synthesis of a theory, a framework, and methods that support discovery and design is useful in modeling and evaluation of creativity methods. Several topics for future research are described in the discussion.

Hard and Soft Densification Policies in the Paris City‐Region

Abstract: This essay is concerned with the planning and densification of suburbs, which present a huge challenge insofar as they form a large area of urbanized land that remains underexploited due to low residential density. Drawing on current research in the Paris city-region, the essay focuses specifically on the difficulty in implementing densification policies in low-rise suburban areas. It examines the varying degrees of densification fostered by these policies, and builds upon recent urban studies literature on suburban change to trace how suburban areas are being transformed through regulations, instruments and market dynamics associated with densification processes. What kinds of densification policy are being implemented and what are the socio-economic, political and cultural determinants of each type of regulatory approach? This essay will attempt to answer this question via an analysis of the densification policies being put in place in the municipalities of the Paris city-region. It will offer in turn a typology of these different policies. It shows that densification is an instrument that can be used to address local political concerns which vary greatly depending on the economic, social and geographical position of municipalities within larger urban areas.