Philips

About: Philips is a company organization based out in Vantaa, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Layer (electronics). The organization has 68260 authors who have published 99663 publications receiving 1882329 citations. The organization is also known as: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. & Royal Philips Electronics.

Organic Nonvolatile Memory Devices Based on Ferroelectricity

Abstract: A memory functionality is a prerequisite for many applications of electronic devices. Organic nonvolatile memory devices based on ferroelectricity are a promising approach toward the development of a low-cost memory technology. In this Review Article we discuss the latest developments in this area with a focus on three of the most important device concepts: ferroelectric capacitors, field-effect transistors, and diodes. Integration of these devices into larger memory arrays is also discussed.

Trade Offs in the Design of a Router with Both Guaranteed and Best-Effort Services for Networks on Chip

Abstract: Managing the complexity of designing chips containing billions of transistors requires decoupling computation from communication. For the communication, scalable and compositional interconnects, such as networks on chip (NoC) must be used. In this paper, we show that guaranteed services are essential in achieving this decoupling. Guarantees typically come at the cost of lower resource utilization. To avoid this, they must be used in combination with best-effort services. The key element of our NoC is a router consisting conceptually of two parts: the so-called guaranteed throughput (GT) and best-effort (BE) routers. We combine the GT and BE router architectures in an efficient implementation by sharing resources. We show the trade offs between hardware complexity and efficiency of the combined router, and the motivation of our choices. Our reasoning for the trade offs is validated with a prototype router implementation. We show a lay-out of an input-queued wormhole 5/spl times/5 router with an aggregate bandwidth of 80 Gbit/s. It occupies 0.26 mm/sup 2/ in CMOS12. This shows that our router provides high performance at reasonable cost, bringing NoCs one step closer.

Inkjet Printing of Narrow Conductive Tracks on Untreated Polymeric Substrates

Abstract: In the last two decades inkjet printing has grown to a major topic in scientific research, especially drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet printing systems. DOD inkjet printing has progressed from printing text and graphics, where it started originally, to a tool for (rapid) manufacturing technology. During the last years, the fabrication of narrow conductive tracks by methods of inkjet printing has been investigated extensively. Printing of flexible electronics and minimizing their feature size dramatically lowers the production costs of electronic devices, because material can be positioned on-demand, which reduces the amount of necessary material. The main bottleneck in inkjet-printed features on flexible (polymeric) substrates is the low softening point (Tg) of the substrate, which limits the processing temperature. The Tg of commonly used polymeric substrates, like poly(ethylene terephtalate) (PET) or polycarbonate (PC), is below 150 °C. Typically, colloidal suspensions of conductive materials need a sintering temperature of > 200 °C, which is, hence, not compatible with most polymeric substrates. Feasible products of flexible electronics include, for example, interconnections for circuitry on a printed-circuit board (PCB), electrodes for thin-film transistor (TFT) circuits, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), or disposable displays and radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. Furthermore, printing largearea displays is also a possibility. The typical dimensions of inkjet-printed features depend on the nozzle diameter, and are usually not below 100 lm. The most obvious way to minimize the feature size, that is, line width, is by reducing the nozzle diameter. However, this introduces a narrow window with respect to surface tension and viscosity of the inks, and thereby limits the choice of inks that can be printed. Furthermore, when printing suspensions the particles should be sufficiently smaller than the nozzle diameter; otherwise nozzle clogging occurs. When using piezoelectric-based DOD inkjet printers, smaller droplets can also be produced by modifying the waveform. Much research has been done to predefined (surface energy) patterns on a substrate that forces material to remain in a preferred area on the surface. These techniques rely on the use of expensive masks and conventional photolithography, which increases production costs. Here we present a method to produce narrow conductive silver tracks without prepatterning or modifying the surface energy of the substrate. Preferably, the surface energy should not be too low, because printing on such foils introduces bulges into the printed features, for example with poly(tetrafluorethylene) (PTFE) foils. Line-bulging is an unwanted mechanism that locally broadens the printed structures, as can be seen on the left-hand side of Figure 1. Commonly used polymeric substrates, like PET or polyimide (PI), have a high surface energy, shown on the right-hand side in Figure 1. Although printing on these substrates leads to continuous and straight lines, broad lines are obtained over the whole printed feature, owing to the relatively good wetting of the solvent with the substrate. Clearly, an optimum between surface enerC O M M U N IC A IO N