Philips

About: Philips is a company organization based out in Vantaa, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Layer (electronics). The organization has 68260 authors who have published 99663 publications receiving 1882329 citations. The organization is also known as: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. & Royal Philips Electronics.

Bulk Conductivity and Defect Chemistry of Acceptor‐Doped Strontium Titanate in the Quenched State

Abstract: The grain bulk conductivity of acceptor-doped SrTiO3 ceramics was investigated by the impedance analysis method after quenching from high-temperature equilibria. The influence of the oxygen partial pressure during equilibration, PEqO2, is described in terms of a defect model for titanates. From a comparison between the experimental results and the predictions of this model, a predominant ionic conductivity is concluded for a wide PEqO2 range (approximately 10−11 to 105 Pa). The influence of the ionization energy of the acceptors and of possible defect association is discussed.

Sea cucumber fisheries: global analysis of stocks, management measures and drivers of overfishing

Abstract: Worldwide, most sea cucumber fisheries are ineffectively managed, leading to declining stocks and potentially eroding the resilience of fisheries. We analyse trends in catches, fishery status, fishing participation and regulatory measures among 77 sea cucumber fisheries through data from recent fishery reports and fishery managers. Critical gaps in fisheries biology knowledge of even commonly targeted species undermine the expected success of management strategies. Most tropical fisheries are small-scale, older and typified by numerous (>8) species, whereas temperate fisheries are often emerging, mono-specific and industrialized. Fisher participation data indicated about 3 million sea cucumber fishers worldwide. Fisher participation rates were significantly related to the average annual yield. permanova analysis showed that over-exploited and depleted fisheries employed different sets of measures than fisheries with healthier stocks, and a non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination illustrated that a broad set of regulatory measures typified sustainable fisheries. SIMPER and regression tree analyses identified that the dissimilarity was most related to enforcement capacity, number of species harvested, fleet (vessel) controls, limited entry controls and rotational closures. The national Human Development Index was significantly lower in countries with over-exploited and depleted fisheries. Where possible, managers should limit the number of fishers and vessel size and establish short lists of permissible commercial species in multispecies fisheries. Our findings emphasize an imperative to support the enforcement capacity in low-income countries, in which risk of biodiversity loss is exceptionally high. Solutions for greater resilience of sea cucumber stocks must be embedded within those for poverty reduction and alternative livelihood options.

Coherent Optical 25.8-Gb/s OFDM Transmission Over 4160-km SSMF

Abstract: We discuss coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) as a suitable modulation technique for long-haul transmission systems. Several design and implementation aspects of a CO-OFDM system are reviewed, but we especially focus on phase noise compensation. As conventional CO-OFDM transmission systems are very sensitive to laser phase noise a novel method to compensate for phase noise is introduced. With the help of this phase noise compensation method we show continuously detectable OFDM transmission at 25.8 Gb/s data rate (20 Gb/s after coding) over 4160-km SSMF without dispersion compensation.

Efficient Solar Cells Based on an Easily Accessible Diketopyrrolopyrrole Polymer

Abstract: A new easily accessible, high molecular weight, alternating dithieno-diketopyrrolopyrrolophenylene copolymer provides high electron and hole mobilities exceeding 0.02 cm2 V-1 s-1 in FETs and AM1.5 power conversion efficiencies of 4.6% and 5.5% in solar cells when combined with [60]PCBM and [70]PCBM. The performance of the solar cells strongly depends on the use of a processing agent.

Phase retrieval through focus variation for ultra-resolution in field-emission transmission electron microscopy.

Abstract: The use of a coherent field-emission electron source in transmission electron microscopy is combined with phase retrieval by digital processing of a focal image series. For the first time, a dramatic improvement of the high-resolution performance of the electron microscope beyond the usual ``point-to-point'' resolution has been realized: Experiments on a 200-kV microscope with a point resolution of 0.24 nm reveal reconstructed information down to 0.14 nm. Examples are shown in the field of high-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ superconductors and ferroelectric oxides. The oxygen sublattice in these structures is revealed.