State University of Semarang

About: State University of Semarang is a education organization based out in Semarang, Indonesia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Curriculum. The organization has 7737 authors who have published 7790 publications receiving 38055 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Realizing multiculturalism and social integration in Banuroja community

Abstract: There have been many studies concerning Banuroja; however, there is always something novelty in creating a role model for village-based character education where the aim is to create a multicultural society into a multicultural community. This study examines community activities related to the national character values that embody multiculturalism and social integration in the Banuroja community. The method was qualitative with an ethnographic approach. Data were obtained from observations, interviews, and documentation carried out during 2019-2020. The validity of the data used triangulation, member checks, prolonged time, and peer debriefing. While the data analysis technique used ethnographic data analysis, namely describing, analyzing, and interpreting. The result shows that the realization of multiculturalism and social integration in the Banuroja community is carried out using three ways of assimilation, tolerance in beliefs/religions, appreciating other ethnic/religious activities by attending, and mutual cooperation. Guidance is also carried out through national and religious activities in the community, advice from parents in the family, and civic education in the schools, exemplary by community leaders, including ethnic, religious, and youth leaders.

Analisis fraud di sektor pemerintahan kota salatiga

Abstract: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali persepsi para pegawai pemerintah di instansi pemerintahan mengenai pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan,keefektifan sistem pengendalian internal, komitmen organisasi, kesesuaian kompensasi, budaya etis organisasi, dan penegakan hukum terhadap kecenderungan terjadinya fraud di sektor pemerintahan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenience sampling. Sampel penelitian ini sejumlah 111 pegawai dinas Kota Salatiga. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis full model Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan alat analisis smart PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh negatif antara gaya kepemimpinan dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan, terdapat pengaruh negatif antara keefektifan pengendalian internal dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan, tidak terdapat pengaruh antara komitmen organisasi dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan, terdapat pengaruh negatif antara kesesuaian kompensasi dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan, terdapat pengaruh negatif antara budaya etis organisasi dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan, tidak terdapat pengaruh antara penegakan hukum dengan fraud di sektor pemerintahan. Abstract This study aims to explore the perceptions of government employees in government agencies on the effects of leadership style, the effectiveness of internal control systems, organizational commitment, compliance compensation, organizational ethical culture, and law enforcement on the likelihood of fraud in the government sector. The sampling technique used convenience sampling. Samples are some 111 civil service Salatiga. Data collection using questionnaires. Data analysis in this study using a model full analysis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a smart analysis of PLS. The results showed that there is a negative effect between leadership styles with fraud in the government sector, there is a negative effect of the effectiveness of internal controls and fraud in the government sector, there is no influence of the organization's commitment to fraud in the government sector, there is a negative effect of the appropriateness of compensation by fraud in government sector, there is a negative effect between organizational ethical culture with fraud in the government sector, there is no effect between law enforcement with fraud in the government sector.

English teachers’ perceptions and practices of authentic assessment

Abstract: This study aimedto find the English teachers‘ perceptions and practices of authentic assessment in the pilot project schools of the 2013 curriculum in Grobogan regency. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, first, a survey was done. Then, to obtain more in-depth information about the teachers‘ perceptions and practices of authentic assessment, a case study research was conducted. In this case, interview and classroom observation were conducted. Then, the data were analyzed through reading or memoing, describing, and classifying.The study revealed that the teachers have positive perceptions towards authentic assessment as they agreed that the assessment approach is beneficial to assess students‘ progress and achievement. However, the teachers perceived insufficient time, crowded classes, exhausting and time consuming activities, and also complicated administration as the main problems in applying authentic assessment. There were no significant differences among the teachers on the way they applied authentic assessment. In this case, they preferred written and task basedassessment, performance assessment, and also classroom observation in assessing their students. Nevertheless, in some cases, they did not apply the assessment properly as they did not put the assessment principles into practices.

Application of Tin(II) Chloride Catalyst for High FFA Jatropha Oil Esterification in Continuous Reactive Distillation Column

Abstract: The application of heterogeneous solid acid catalysts in biodiesel production has become popular and gained significant attention over the last few years. It is since these types of catalysts hold the benefits in terms of easy separation from the product, reusability of the catalyst, high selectivity of the reaction. They are also considered sustainable and powerful particularly in organic synthesis. This work studied the use of tin(II) chloride as solid Lewis acid catalyst to promote the esterification reaction of high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) jatropha oil in continuous reactive distillation column. To obtain the optimum condition, the influences of reaction time, molar ratio of the reactant, and catalyst were investigated. It was revealed that the optimum condition was achieved at the molar ratio of methanol to FFA at 1:60, catalyst concentration of 5%, and reaction temperature of 60°C with the reaction conversion of 90%. This result was significantly superior to the identical reaction performed using batch reactor. The esterification of high FFA jatropha oil using reactive distillation in the presence of tin(II) chloride provided higher conversion than that of Amberlyst-15 heterogeneous catalyst and was comparable to that of homogenous sulfuric acid catalyst, which showed 30 and 94.71% conversion, respectively. The esterification reaction of high FFA jatropha oil was subsequently followed by transesterification reaction for the completion of the biodiesel production. Transesterification was carried out at 60 °C, molar ratio of methanol to oil of 1:6, NaOH catalyst of 1%, and reaction time of one hour. The jatropha biodiesel product resulted from this two steps process could satisfy the ASTM and Indonesian biodiesel standard in terms of ester content (97.79 %), density, and viscosity. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved Received: 10 th November 2015; Revised: 4 th February 2016; Accepted: 4 th February 2016 How to Cite : Kusumaningtyas, R.D., Aji, I.N., Hadiyanto, H., Budiman, A. (2016). Application of Tin(II) Chloride Catalyst for High FFA Jatropha Oil Esterification in Continuous Reactive Distillation Column. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis , 11 (1): 66-74. (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.1.417.66-74) Permalink/DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.417.66-74 Article Metrics: (click on the button below to see citations in Scopus)

The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea

Abstract: Herlina L, Pukan KK, Mustikaningtyas D. 2017. The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea. Cell Bio Dev 1: 31-35. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria living in plant tissue and forming colony without harms the host. Every cormophyte, plants that have a stem and root, may contain some endophytic bacteria which can produce biological compounds or secondary metabolites. The objective of the study was to obtain endophytic bacteria isolates from peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea) at three locations, and to test in vitro the ability of endophytic bacteria isolates for producing IAA, and also to analyze IAA on the growth and development of mungbean plants. The study was carried out in three stages; the first was the isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves, stems, and roots; the second was the test of in vitro endophytic bacteria isolates to know the ability of IAA production. IAA assay was measured by using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 535 nm, and the third was the introduction of IAA-producing endophytic bacteria in mungbean. The parameters observed were the length of sprouts and the number of lateral roots. The results showed that 16 isolates were selected based on IAA-producing ability. The isolates could produce different IAA with different morphological characteristics. After the fourth day of incubation, the highest and the lowest of IAA amount were 69.68 (mg L-1) and 8.50 (mg L-1) respectively. Isolates that produce high IAA levels are applied to mungbeans, it affects the number of lateral roots but it does not have effect on the length of the sprouts. DM and K1K1 isolates have the effect of increasing lateral root formation and are expected to be potential sources of bioactive metabolites.