University of Bath

About: University of Bath is a education organization based out in Bath, Bath and North East Somerset, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 15830 authors who have published 39608 publications receiving 1358769 citations. The organization is also known as: Bath University.

Supercontinuum generation in submicron fibre waveguides

Abstract: Submicron-diameter tapered fibres and photonic crystal fibre cores, both of which are silica-air waveguides with low dispersion at 532 nm, were made using a conventional tapering process. In just cm of either waveguide, ns pulses from a low-power 532-nm microchip laser generated a single-mode supercontinuum broad enough to fill the visible spectrum without spreading far beyond it.

Possible light-induced superconductivity in K3C60 at high temperature.

Abstract: The use of light to control the properties of condensed-matter materials is a promising area of research, with the long-term prospect that it might lead to the development of quantum devices driven by light. In particular, it was shown recently that nonlinear excitation of certain phonons in bilayer copper oxides induces superconducting-like optical properties at temperatures far above the material's superconducting transition temperature (Tc). This effect was accompanied by the disruption of competing charge-density-wave correlations, explaining some, but not all, of the experimental results. Andrea Cavalleri and colleagues now report that by exciting metallic K3C60 with mid-infrared optical pulses, they can induce a large increase in carrier mobility, accompanied by the opening of a gap in the optical conductivity. Strikingly, these same signatures are observed at equilibrium when K3C60 cools below its Tc of 20 K.

In vivo and in situ tracking cancer chemotherapy by highly photostable NIR fluorescent theranostic prodrug.

Abstract: In vivo monitoring of the biodistribution and activation of prodrugs is urgently required. Near infrared (NIR) fluorescence-active fluorophores with excellent photostability are preferable for tracking drug release in vivo. Herein, we describe a NIR prodrug DCM-S-CPT and its polyethylene glycol–polylactic acid (PEG-PLA) loaded nanoparticles as a potent cancer therapy. We have conjugated a dicyanomethylene-4H-pyran derivative as the NIR fluorophore with camptothecin (CPT) as the anticancer drug using a disulfide linker. In vitro experiments verify that the high intracellular glutathione (GSH) concentrations in tumor cells cause cleavage of the disulfide linker, resulting in concomitantly the active drug CPT release and significant NIR fluorescence turn-on with large Stokes shift (200 nm). The NIR fluorescence of DCM-S-CPT at 665 nm with fast response to GSH can act as a direct off–on signal reporter for the GSH-activatable prodrug. Particularly, DCM-S-CPT possesses much better photostability than ICG, whic...