Institution
Vanderbilt University
Education•Nashville, Tennessee, United States•
About: Vanderbilt University is a education organization based out in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 45066 authors who have published 106528 publications receiving 5435039 citations. The organization is also known as: Vandy.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Receptor, Health care, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Young children, elderly persons, and black persons of all ages are disproportionately affected by invasive pneumococcal disease, and current ACIP recommendations do not address a subset of persons aged 18 to 64 years but do include those at highest risk for death from invasive pneumonia.
Abstract: ContextPneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is recommended for elderly persons
and adults with certain chronic illnesses. Additionally, a recently licensed
pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine has been recommended for use in young
children and could dramatically change the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease.ObjectivesTo assess pneumococcal disease burden in the United States, estimate
the potential impact of new vaccines, and identify gaps in vaccine recommendations.Design and SettingAnalysis of data from the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)/Emerging
Infections Program Network, an active, population-based system in 9 states.PatientsA total of 15 860 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease occurring
between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 1998.Main Outcome MeasuresAge- and race-specific pneumoccocal disease incidence rates per 100 000
persons, case-fatality rates, and vaccine preventability.ResultsIn 1998, overall incidence was 23.2 cases per 100 000, corresponding
to an estimated 62 840 cases in the United States. Incidence was highest
among children younger than 2 years (166.9) and adults aged 65 years or older
(59.7). Incidence among blacks was 2.6 times higher than among whites (95%
confidence interval [CI], 2.4-2.8). Overall, 28.6% of case-patients were at
least 65 years old and 85.9% of cases in this age group were due to serotypes
included in the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine; 19.3% of case-patients were
younger than 2 years and 82.2% of cases in this age group were due to serotypes
included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. Among patients aged 2 to 64 years,
50.6% had a vaccine indication as defined by the Advisory Committee on Immunization
Practices (ACIP). The case-fatality rate among patients aged 18 to 64 years
with an ACIP indication was 12.1% compared with 5.4% for those without an
indication (relative risk, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.7-2.9).ConclusionsYoung children, elderly persons, and black persons of all ages are disproportionately
affected by invasive pneumococcal disease. Current ACIP recommendations do
not address a subset of persons aged 18 to 64 years but do include those at
highest risk for death from invasive pneumococcal disease.
689 citations
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TL;DR: Short telomeres are a signature in IIPs and likely play a role in their age-related onset, and the clustering of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis with IPF suggests that the telomere shortening can contribute to what appears clinically as idiopathic progressive organ failure in the lung and the liver.
Abstract: Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) have a progressive and often fatal course, and their enigmatic etiology has complicated approaches to effective therapies. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common of IIPs and shares with IIPs an increased incidence with age and unexplained scarring in the lung. Short telomeres limit tissue renewal capacity in the lung and germ-line mutations in telomerase components, hTERT and hTR, underlie inheritance in a subset of families with IPF. To examine the hypothesis that short telomeres contribute to disease risk in sporadic IIPs, we recruited patients who have no family history and examined telomere length in leukocytes and in alveolar cells. To screen for mutations, we sequenced hTERT and hTR. We also reviewed the cases for features of a telomere syndrome. IIP patients had shorter leukocyte telomeres than age-matched controls (P < 0.0001). In a subset (10%), IIP patients had telomere lengths below the first percentile for their age. Similar to familial cases with mutations, IPF patients had short telomeres in alveolar epithelial cells (P < 0.0001). Although telomerase mutations were rare, detected in 1 of 100 patients, we identified a cluster of individuals (3%) with IPF and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis, another feature of a telomere syndrome. Short telomeres are thus a signature in IIPs and likely play a role in their age-related onset. The clustering of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis with IPF suggests that the telomere shortening we identify has consequences and can contribute to what appears clinically as idiopathic progressive organ failure in the lung and the liver.
689 citations
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TL;DR: Global gene expression during the window of implantation (peak E2 and progesterone levels) in well characterized human endometrial biopsies timed to the LH surge is investigated, compared with the late proliferative phase ( peak E2 level) of the menstrual cycle.
Abstract: Implantation in humans is a complex process that is temporally and spatially restricted. Over the past decade, using a one-by-one approach, several genes and gene products that may participate in this process have been identified in secretory phase endometrium. Herein, we have investigated global gene expression during the window of implantation (peak E2 and progesterone levels) in well characterized human endometrial biopsies timed to the LH surge, compared with the late proliferative phase (peak E2 level) of the menstrual cycle. Tissues were processed for poly(A+) RNA and hybridization of chemically fragmented, biotinylated cRNAs on high density oligonucleotide microarrays, screening for 12,686 genes and expressed sequence tags. After data normalization, mean values were obtained for gene readouts and fold ratios were derived comparing genes up- and down-regulated in the window of implantation vs. the late proliferative phase. Nonparametric testing revealed 156 significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated gene...
687 citations
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TL;DR: Assessment of the item adequacy, factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Disgust Scale suggested that 7 items should be considered for removal from the DS, as patients with OCD washing concerns scored significantly higher than patients without washing concerns on both Coredisgust and Contamination-Based DisGust, but not on Animal Reminder DisgUST.
Abstract: In the 4 studies presented (N 1,939), a converging set of analyses was conducted to evaluate the item adequacy, factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Disgust Scale (DS; J. Haidt, C. McCauley, & P. Rozin, 1994). The results suggest that 7 items (i.e., Items 2, 7, 8, 21, 23, 24, and 25) should be considered for removal from the DS. Secondary to removing the items, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the DS taps 3 dimensions of disgust: Core Disgust, Animal Reminder Disgust, and Contamination-Based Disgust. Women scored higher than men on the 3 disgust dimensions. Structural modeling provided support for the specificity of the 3-factor model, as Core Disgust and Contamination-Based Disgust were significantly predictive of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) concerns, whereas Animal Reminder Disgust was not. Results from a clinical sample indicated that patients with OCD washing concerns scored significantly higher than patients with OCD without washing concerns on both Core Disgust and Contamination-Based Disgust, but not on Animal Reminder Disgust. These findings are discussed in the context of the refinement of the DS to promote a more psychometrically sound assessment of disgust sensitivity.
687 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that in the present data, marital status is the most powerful predictor of the mental health variables considered, and data are then used to show that it is the quality of a marriage and not marriage per se that links marriage to positive mental health.
Abstract: Although a large number of studies show a correlation between marital status and mental health, the relative magnitude of the relationship, as compared to the strength of the relationship of other variables related to mental health, is not known. In this empirical evaluation, it is shown that in the present data, marital status is the most powerful predictor of the mental health variables considered. Data are then used to show that it is the quality of a marriage and not marriage per se that links marriage to positive mental health. The paper concludes with a discussion of some of the psychological functions of marriage.
687 citations
Authors
Showing all 45403 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Matthew Meyerson | 194 | 553 | 243726 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Tony Hunter | 175 | 593 | 124726 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Donald E. Ingber | 164 | 610 | 100682 |
L. Joseph Melton | 161 | 531 | 97861 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
David W. Bates | 159 | 1239 | 116698 |
Charles N. Serhan | 158 | 728 | 84810 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Jay Hauser | 155 | 2145 | 132683 |