Institution
Vanderbilt University
Education•Nashville, Tennessee, United States•
About: Vanderbilt University is a education organization based out in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 45066 authors who have published 106528 publications receiving 5435039 citations. The organization is also known as: Vandy.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Receptor, Health care, Poison control
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The importance of spatial ability in educational pursuits and the world of work was examined in this article, with particular attention devoted to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) domains.
Abstract: The importance of spatial ability in educational pursuits and the world of work was examined, with particular attention devoted to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) domains. Participants were drawn from a stratified random sample of U.S. high schools (Grades 9–12, N 400,000) and were tracked for 11 years; their longitudinal findings were aligned with pre-1957 findings and with contemporary data from the Graduate Record Examination and the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth. For decades, spatial ability assessed during adolescence has surfaced as a salient psychological attribute among those adolescents who subsequently go on to achieve advanced educational credentials and occupations in STEM. Results solidify the generalization that spatial ability plays a critical role in developing expertise in STEM and suggest, among other things, that including spatial ability in modern talent searches would identify many adolescents with potential for STEM who are currently being missed.
1,407 citations
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Clark University1, United States Department of Energy2, University of Minnesota3, Aix-Marseille University4, Spanish National Research Council5, Oregon State University6, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center7, Utrecht University8, University of Zaragoza9, Duke University10, United States Department of Agriculture11, University of Warsaw12, University of Tokyo13, Nancy-Université14, University of Göttingen15, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile16, University of Helsinki17, Concordia University Wisconsin18, Vanderbilt University19, University of Wisconsin-Madison20, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences21, Universidad Pública de Navarra22, Swansea University23
TL;DR: Comparative analyses of 31 fungal genomes suggest that lignin-degrading peroxidases expanded in the lineage leading to the ancestor of the Agaricomycetes, which is reconstructed as a white rot species, and then contracted in parallel lineages leading to brown rot and mycorrhizal species.
Abstract: Wood is a major pool of organic carbon that is highly resistant to decay, owing largely to the presence of lignin. The only organisms capable of substantial lignin decay are white rot fungi in the Agaricomycetes, which also contains non-lignin-degrading brown rot and ectomycorrhizal species. Comparative analyses of 31 fungal genomes (12 generated for this study) suggest that lignin-degrading peroxidases expanded in the lineage leading to the ancestor of the Agaricomycetes, which is reconstructed as a white rot species, and then contracted in parallel lineages leading to brown rot and mycorrhizal species. Molecular clock analyses suggest that the origin of lignin degradation might have coincided with the sharp decrease in the rate of organic carbon burial around the end of the Carboniferous period.
1,396 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that FPPH is caused by mutations in BMPR2, encoding a TGF-β type II receptor (BMPR-II), which transduce signals by binding to heteromeric complexes of type I and II receptors, which activates serine/threonine kinases, leading to transcriptional regulation by phosphorylated Smads.
Abstract: Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), characterized by obstruction of pre-capillary pulmonary arteries, leads to sustained elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure (mean >25 mm Hg at rest or >30 mm Hg during exercise). The aetiology is unknown, but the histological features reveal proliferation of endothelial and smooth muscle cells with vascular remodelling (Fig. 1). More than one affected relative has been identified in at least 6% of cases (familial PPH, MIM 178600). Familial PPH (FPPH) segregates as an autosomal dominant disorder with reduced penetrance and has been mapped to a locus designated PPH1 on 2q33, with no evidence of heterogeneity. We now show that FPPH is caused by mutations in BMPR2, encoding a TGF-beta type II receptor (BMPR-II). Members of the TGF-beta superfamily transduce signals by binding to heteromeric complexes of type I and II receptors, which activates serine/threonine kinases, leading to transcriptional regulation by phosphorylated Smads. By comparison with in vitro studies, identified defects of BMPR-II in FPPH are predicted to disrupt ligand binding, kinase activity and heteromeric dimer formation. Our data demonstrate the molecular basis of FPPH and underscore the importance in vivo of the TGF-beta signalling pathway in the maintenance of blood vessel integrity.
1,394 citations
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TL;DR: Model-integrated computing (MIC), an approach to model-based engineering that helps compose domain-specific design environments rapidly and cost effectively, is particularly relevant for specialized computer-based systems domains-perhaps even single projects.
Abstract: Domain-specific integrated development environments can help capture specifications in the form of domain models. These tools support the design process by automating analysis and simulating essential system behavior. In addition, they can automatically generate, configure, and integrate target application components. The high cost of developing domain-specific, integrated modeling, analysis, and application-generation environments prevents their penetration into narrower engineering fields that have limited user bases. Model-integrated computing (MIC), an approach to model-based engineering that helps compose domain-specific design environments rapidly and cost effectively, is particularly relevant for specialized computer-based systems domains-perhaps even single projects. The authors describe how MIC provides a way to compose such environments cost effectively and rapidly by using a metalevel architecture to specify the domain-specific modeling language and integrity constraints. They also discuss the toolset that implements MIC and describe a practical application in which using the technology in a tool environment for the process industry led to significant reductions in development and maintenance costs.
1,394 citations
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TL;DR: Crystal structures of several of the major human P450s are now in hand, and unresolved problems include the characterization of the minor "orphan" P 450s, ligand cooperativity and kinetic complexity of several P450S, the prediction of metabolism, the overall contribution of bioactivation to drug idiosyncratic problems, the extrapolation of animal test results to humans in drug development, and the contribution of genetic variation in human P550s to cancer incidence.
Abstract: The field of cytochrome P450 (P450) research has developed considerably over the past 20 years, and many important papers on the roles of P450s in chemical toxicology have appeared in Chemical Research in Toxicology. Today, our basic understanding of many of the human P450s is relatively well-established, in terms of the details of the individual genes, sequences, and basic catalytic mechanisms. Crystal structures of several of the major human P450s are now in hand. The animal P450s are still important in the context of metabolism and safety testing. Many well-defined examples exist for roles of P450s in decreasing the adverse effects of drugs through biotransformation, and an equally interesting field of investigation is the bioactivation of chemicals, including drugs. Unresolved problems include the characterization of the minor “orphan” P450s, ligand cooperativity and kinetic complexity of several P450s, the prediction of metabolism, the overall contribution of bioactivation to drug idiosyncratic probl...
1,392 citations
Authors
Showing all 45403 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Matthew Meyerson | 194 | 553 | 243726 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Tony Hunter | 175 | 593 | 124726 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Donald E. Ingber | 164 | 610 | 100682 |
L. Joseph Melton | 161 | 531 | 97861 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
David W. Bates | 159 | 1239 | 116698 |
Charles N. Serhan | 158 | 728 | 84810 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Jay Hauser | 155 | 2145 | 132683 |