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Candidate Genes Expression Profile Associated with Antidepressants Response in the GENDEP Study: Differentiating between Baseline ‘Predictors' and Longitudinal ‘Targets'

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In this article, the leukocyte mRNA expression levels of genes belonging to glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function (FKBP-4, FKBP-5, and GR), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-1b), IL-6 and IL-7), macrophage inhibiting factor (MIF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a), were tested before and after 8 weeks of treatment with escitalopram or nortriptyline, as part of the Genome-
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This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2013-02-01 and is currently open access. It has received 342 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Proinflammatory cytokine.

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Absolute Measurements of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin-1-β mRNA Levels Accurately Predict Treatment Response in Depressed Patients.

TL;DR: Patients who have absolute mRNA values above the suggested cutoffs could be directed toward earlier access to more assertive antidepressant strategies, including the addition of other antidepressants or antiinflammatory drugs.
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Adding fuel to the fire: the impact of stress on the ageing brain

TL;DR: The similarities between behavioural changes during ageing and stress altered behaviours in rodents and humans are examined and how the already stressed aged brain psychologically and physiologically responds to external stressors is explored.
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The Involvement of TNF-α in Cognitive Dysfunction Associated with Major Depressive Disorder: An Opportunity for Domain Specific Treatments.

TL;DR: Experimental models and clinical studies provide encouraging preliminary evidence for the efficacy of TNF-α antagonists in mitigating depressive symptoms and improving cognitive deficits, and Translational research provides a promising perspective that may aid the development and/or repurposing of mechanism-based treatments for depressive Symptoms and cognitive impairment in MDD.
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Innate and adaptive immunity in the development of depression: An update on current knowledge and technological advances.

TL;DR: It is highlighted how combining basic immune methods with more advanced ‘omics’ technologies would help to make progress in unravelling the complex associations between altered immune function and depressive disorders, in the identification of depression-specific biomarkers and in developing immunotherapeutic treatment strategies that take individual variability into account.
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Depression pathogenesis and treatment: what can we learn from blood mRNA expression?

TL;DR: Evidence is shown for a pattern of 'state-related' gene expression changes that are normalized either by remission or by antidepressant treatment, highlighting the use of peripheral blood gene expression as a clinically relevant biomarker approach.
References
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An inventory for measuring depression

TL;DR: The difficulties inherent in obtaining consistent and adequate diagnoses for the purposes of research and therapy have been pointed out and a wide variety of psychiatric rating scales have been developed.
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A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change.

TL;DR: The construction of a depression rating scale designed to be particularly sensitive to treatment effects is described, and its capacity to differentiate between responders and non-responders to antidepressant treatment was better than the HRS, indicating greater sensitivity to change.
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Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness

TL;DR: This is an account of further work on a rating scale for depressive states, including a detailed discussion on the general problems of comparing successive samples from a ‘population’, the meaning of factor scores, and the other results obtained.
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A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression

TL;DR: A meta-analysis of studies measuring cytokine concentration in patients with major depression reports significantly higher concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 in depressed subjects compared with control subjects, strengthening evidence that depression is accompanied by activation of the IRS.
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The HPA axis in major depression: classical theories and new developments

TL;DR: It is shown that hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is one of the most consistent biological findings in major depression psychiatry, but the mechanisms underlying this abnormality are still unclear.
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