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Candidate Genes Expression Profile Associated with Antidepressants Response in the GENDEP Study: Differentiating between Baseline ‘Predictors' and Longitudinal ‘Targets'

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TLDR
In this article, the leukocyte mRNA expression levels of genes belonging to glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function (FKBP-4, FKBP-5, and GR), inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-1b), IL-6 and IL-7), macrophage inhibiting factor (MIF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a), were tested before and after 8 weeks of treatment with escitalopram or nortriptyline, as part of the Genome-
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This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2013-02-01 and is currently open access. It has received 342 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Proinflammatory cytokine.

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The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target

TL;DR: Current understanding of the mechanisms by which the innate and adaptive immune systems interact with neurotransmitters and neurocircuits to influence the risk for depression are detailed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Inflammatory cytokines in depression: Neurobiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications

TL;DR: This review explores the idea that specific gene polymorphisms and neurotransmitter systems can confer protection from or vulnerability to specific symptom dimensions of cytokine-related depression and potential therapeutic strategies that target inflammatory cytokine signaling.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Glucocorticoid sensitivity in mood disorders.

TL;DR: The main findings in mood disorders are higher mean cortisol levels in hair samples and a higher CAR, showing a hyperactivity of the HPA axis.
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Characterization and functional significance of glucocorticoid receptors in patients with major depression: modulation by antidepressant treatment

TL;DR: Assessment of GR density of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a group of patients with major depression and modulation of these GR sites by antidepressant treatment suggests a lack of relationship between GR density and cortisol-induced inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.
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Altered glucocorticoid immunoregulation in treatment resistant depression

TL;DR: The data indicate that alterations in immune function and steroid regulation associated with depression are not related to elevated basal levels of cortisol and suggest that lymphocyte steroid resistance may be associated with TRP.
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Reduced peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA levels are normalized by antidepressant treatment.

TL;DR: The results indicate that BDNF serum modulation observed in depressed patients is associated with BDNF synthesis alteration in leukocytes and suggest that these peripheral cells might play an active role in the mechanisms of action of antidepressants.
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Preventing relapse and recurrence of depression: a brief review of therapeutic options.

TL;DR: Clinicians should ensure that the patient has been adherent to therapy as prescribed and consider other explanations before attributing relapse or recurrence to diminished responsiveness to antidepressant medication at the neurochemical level.
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