Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection
Patrick S. Mitchell,Rachael K. Parkin,Evan M. Kroh,Brian R. Fritz,Brian R. Fritz,Stacia K. Wyman,Era L. Pogosova-Agadjanyan,Amelia Peterson,Jennifer Noteboom,Kathy O'Briant,April Allen,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Nicole Urban,Charles W. Drescher,Beatrice S. Knudsen,Derek L. Stirewalt,Robert Gentleman,Robert L. Vessella,Robert L. Vessella,Peter S. Nelson,Daniel Martin,Daniel Martin,Muneesh Tewari +24 more
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TLDR
It is shown here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity and established the measurement of tumor-derived mi RNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.Abstract:
Improved approaches for the detection of common epithelial malignancies are urgently needed to reduce the worldwide morbidity and mortality caused by cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (≈22 nt) regulatory RNAs that are frequently dysregulated in cancer and have shown promise as tissue-based markers for cancer classification and prognostication. We show here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity. miRNAs originating from human prostate cancer xenografts enter the circulation, are readily measured in plasma, and can robustly distinguish xenografted mice from controls. This concept extends to cancer in humans, where serum levels of miR-141 (a miRNA expressed in prostate cancer) can distinguish patients with prostate cancer from healthy controls. Our results establish the measurement of tumor-derived miRNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.read more
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Plasma microRNAs predicting clinical outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving first-line oxaliplatin-based treatment.
Janne B. Kjersem,Tone Ikdahl,Ole Christian Lingjærde,Tormod Kyrre Guren,Kjell Magne Tveit,Elin H. Kure +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that plasma miRNAs analyzed before treatment may serve as non‐invasive markers predicting outcome in mCRC patients treated with 5‐FU and oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circulating MicroRNA Signatures of Tumor-Derived Exosomes for Early Diagnosis of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
TL;DR: Reports that plasma and serum DNA microsatellite alterations and methylation in patients with early-resected non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) mirrored identical DNA abnormalities in the tumor provided the first hints that detection of these gene abnormalities in serum or plasma could be useful for both cancer diagnosis and detection of recurrence.
Journal ArticleDOI
miR-181 as a putative biomarker for lymph-node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Cheng Chieh Yang,Pei Shih Hung,Pei Wen Wang,Chung Ji Liu,Chung Ji Liu,Ting Hui Chu,Hui Wen Cheng,Shu Chun Lin,Shu Chun Lin +8 more
TL;DR: Functional assays revealed ectopically over-expressed miR-181 would enhance cell migration and invasion, but not the ability of anchorage-independent growth of OSCC cells, which could potentially be exploited as a putative biomarker for patients with OSCC.
Patent
Microrna-Based Methods and Compositions for the Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed methods of diagnosing whether a subject has, or is at risk for developing, lung cancer, comprising measuring the level of at least one miR gene product in a test sample from said subject.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parasite-Derived MicroRNAs in Host Serum As Novel Biomarkers of Helminth Infection
Anna M. Hoy,Rachel J. Lundie,Alasdair Ivens,Juan F. Quintana,Norman Nausch,Thorsten Forster,Frances M. Jones,Narcis B. Kabatereine,David W. Dunne,Francisca Mutapi,Andrew S. MacDonald,Amy H. Buck +11 more
TL;DR: This work identifies parasite-derived miRNAs as novel markers of S. mansoni infection in both mice and humans, with the potential to be used with existing techniques to improve S.mansoni diagnosis.
References
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Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TL;DR: It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
Jun Lu,Gad Getz,Eric A. Miska,Eric A. Miska,Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra,Justin Lamb,David Peck,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Alejandro Sweet-Cordero,Benjamin L. Ebert,Benjamin L. Ebert,Raymond H. Mak,Raymond H. Mak,Adolfo A. Ferrando,James R. Downing,Tyler Jacks,H. Robert Horvitz,H. Robert Horvitz,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub,Todd R. Golub +20 more
TL;DR: A new, bead-based flow cytometric miRNA expression profiling method is used to present a systematic expression analysis of 217 mammalian miRNAs from 334 samples, including multiple human cancers, and finds the miRNA profiles are surprisingly informative, reflecting the developmental lineage and differentiation state of the tumours.
Journal Article
MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery as discussed by the authors.
Journal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
TL;DR: I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Real-time quantification of microRNAs by stem–loop RT–PCR
Caifu Chen,Dana Ridzon,Adam Broomer,Zhaohui Zhou,Danny H. Lee,Julie T. Nguyen,Maura Barbisin,Nan Lan Xu,Vikram R. Mahuvakar,Mark R. Andersen,Kaiqin Lao,Kenneth J. Livak,Karl J. Guegler +12 more
TL;DR: A novel microRNA quantification method has been developed using stem–loop RT followed by TaqMan PCR analysis, which enables fast, accurate and sensitive miRNA expression profiling and can identify and monitor potential biomarkers specific to tissues or diseases.
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