Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection
Patrick S. Mitchell,Rachael K. Parkin,Evan M. Kroh,Brian R. Fritz,Brian R. Fritz,Stacia K. Wyman,Era L. Pogosova-Agadjanyan,Amelia Peterson,Jennifer Noteboom,Kathy O'Briant,April Allen,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Daniel W. Lin,Nicole Urban,Charles W. Drescher,Beatrice S. Knudsen,Derek L. Stirewalt,Robert Gentleman,Robert L. Vessella,Robert L. Vessella,Peter S. Nelson,Daniel Martin,Daniel Martin,Muneesh Tewari +24 more
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TLDR
It is shown here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity and established the measurement of tumor-derived mi RNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.Abstract:
Improved approaches for the detection of common epithelial malignancies are urgently needed to reduce the worldwide morbidity and mortality caused by cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (≈22 nt) regulatory RNAs that are frequently dysregulated in cancer and have shown promise as tissue-based markers for cancer classification and prognostication. We show here that miRNAs are present in human plasma in a remarkably stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity. miRNAs originating from human prostate cancer xenografts enter the circulation, are readily measured in plasma, and can robustly distinguish xenografted mice from controls. This concept extends to cancer in humans, where serum levels of miR-141 (a miRNA expressed in prostate cancer) can distinguish patients with prostate cancer from healthy controls. Our results establish the measurement of tumor-derived miRNAs in serum or plasma as an important approach for the blood-based detection of human cancer.read more
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MicroRNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy: From Biomarkers to Therapy
TL;DR: The utility of miRNAs as biomarkers for the early detection and progression of DN is reviewed, emerging data on miRNA expression profiles implicated in DN pathology are assessed and how the data from both fields may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic agents are discussed.
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Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer.
Fumihiko Urabe,Fumihiko Urabe,Nobuyoshi Kosaka,Kagenori Ito,Takahiro Kimura,Shin Egawa,Takahiro Ochiya +6 more
TL;DR: The current research knowledge on EVs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets are summarized and their potential clinical applications are discussed to provide a novel strategy for cancer treatment.
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Stilbene derivatives promote Ago2-dependent tumour-suppressive microRNA activity
Keitaro Hagiwara,Nobuyoshi Kosaka,Yusuke Yoshioka,Ryou U. Takahashi,Fumitaka Takeshita,Takahiro Ochiya +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that the polyphenolic phytoalexin resveratrol promotes expression and activity of Argonaute2 (Ago2), a central RNA interference (RNAi) component, which thereby inhibits breast cancer stem-like cell characteristics by increasing the expression of a number of tumour-suppressive miRNAs.
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Circulating microRNA signature for the diagnosis of very high-risk prostate cancer
Ali H. Alhasan,Alexander W. Scott,Jia J. Wu,Gang Feng,Joshua J. Meeks,C. Shad Thaxton,Chad A. Mirkin +6 more
TL;DR: Five miRNA PCa biomarkers were identified as useful for differentiating indolent and aggressive forms of PCa and showed the predictive capability of these miRNA biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of VHR aggressive PCa.
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Signaling by exosomal microRNAs in cancer
TL;DR: In this review, the recent advances on the role of exosomal miRNAs as mediators of cancer cell-to-cell communication are highlighted.
References
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MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers
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Journal Article
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George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery as discussed by the authors.
Journal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
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Journal ArticleDOI
Real-time quantification of microRNAs by stem–loop RT–PCR
Caifu Chen,Dana Ridzon,Adam Broomer,Zhaohui Zhou,Danny H. Lee,Julie T. Nguyen,Maura Barbisin,Nan Lan Xu,Vikram R. Mahuvakar,Mark R. Andersen,Kaiqin Lao,Kenneth J. Livak,Karl J. Guegler +12 more
TL;DR: A novel microRNA quantification method has been developed using stem–loop RT followed by TaqMan PCR analysis, which enables fast, accurate and sensitive miRNA expression profiling and can identify and monitor potential biomarkers specific to tissues or diseases.
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