Decline of Humoral Responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in Convalescent Individuals.
Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières,Annemarie Laumaea,Sai Priya Anand,Jérémie Prévost,Romain Gasser,Guillaume Goyette,Halima Medjahed,Josée Perreault,Tony Tremblay,Antoine Lewin,Laurie Gokool,Chantal Morrisseau,Philippe Bégin,Cécile Tremblay,Valérie Martel-Laferrière,Daniel Kaufmann,Jonathan Richard,Renée Bazin,Andrés Finzi,Andrés Finzi +19 more
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TLDR
How the humoral responses against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike glycoprotein, including neutralization, evolve over time is evaluated to suggest that plasma from convalescent donors should be recovered rapidly after resolution of symptoms.Abstract:
In the absence of effective vaccines and with limited therapeutic options, convalescent plasma is being collected across the globe for potential transfusion to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The therapy has been deemed safe, and several clinical trials assessing its efficacy are ongoing. While it remains to be formally proven, the presence of neutralizing antibodies is thought to play a positive role in the efficacy of this treatment. Indeed, neutralizing titers of ≥1:160 have been recommended in some convalescent plasma trials for inclusion. Here, we performed repeated analyses at 1-month intervals on 31 convalescent individuals to evaluate how the humoral responses against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike glycoprotein, including neutralization, evolve over time. We observed that the levels of receptor-binding-domain (RBD)-specific IgG and IgA slightly decreased between 6 and 10 weeks after the onset of symptoms but that RBD-specific IgM levels decreased much more abruptly. Similarly, we observed a significant decrease in the capacity of convalescent plasma to neutralize pseudoparticles bearing wild-type SARS-CoV-2 S or its D614G variant. If neutralization activity proves to be an important factor in the clinical efficacy of convalescent plasma transfer, our results suggest that plasma from convalescent donors should be recovered rapidly after resolution of symptoms.IMPORTANCE While waiting for an efficient vaccine to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, alternative approaches to treat or prevent acute COVID-19 are urgently needed. Transfusion of convalescent plasma to treat COVID-19 patients is currently being explored; neutralizing activity in convalescent plasma is thought to play a central role in the efficacy of this treatment. Here, we observed that plasma neutralization activity decreased a few weeks after the onset of the symptoms. If neutralizing activity is required for the efficacy of convalescent plasma transfer, our results suggest that convalescent plasma should be recovered rapidly after the donor recovers from active infection.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of antibody immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
Christian Gaebler,Zijun Wang,Julio C. C. Lorenzi,Frauke Muecksch,Shlomo Finkin,Minami Tokuyama,Alice Cho,Mila Jankovic,Dennis Schaefer-Babajew,Thiago Y. Oliveira,Melissa Cipolla,Charlotte Viant,Christopher O. Barnes,Yaron Bram,Gaëlle Breton,Thomas Hagglof,Pilar Mendoza,Arlene Hurley,Martina Turroja,Kristie Gordon,Katrina G. Millard,Victor A. Ramos,Fabian Schmidt,Yiska Weisblum,Divya Jha,Michael Tankelevich,Gustavo Martinez-Delgado,Jim Yee,Roshni Patel,Juan Dizon,Cecille Unson-O'Brien,Irina Shimeliovich,Davide F. Robbiani,Zhen Zhao,Anna Gazumyan,Robert E. Schwartz,Theodora Hatziioannou,Pamela J. Bjorkman,Saurabh Mehandru,Paul D. Bieniasz,Paul D. Bieniasz,Marina Caskey,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Michel C. Nussenzweig +43 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on the humoral memory response in a cohort of 87 individuals assessed at 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection with SARS-CoV-2.
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Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.
Jeffrey Seow,Carl Graham,Blair Merrick,Sam Acors,Suzanne Pickering,Kathryn J. A. Steel,Oliver Hemmings,Aoife M O'Byrne,Neophytos Kouphou,Rui Pedro Galão,Gilberto Betancor,Harry Wilson,Adrian W. Signell,Helena Winstone,Claire Kerridge,Isabella Huettner,Jose M. Jimenez-Guardeño,Maria Jose Lista,Nigel J. Temperton,Luke B Snell,Karen Bisnauthsing,Amelia E. B. Moore,Adrian Green,Lauren Martinez,Brielle Stokes,Johanna Honey,Alba Izquierdo-Barras,Gill Arbane,Amita Patel,Mark Kia Ik Tan,Lorcan O’Connell,Geraldine O’Hara,Eithne MacMahon,Sam Douthwaite,Gaia Nebbia,Rahul Batra,Rocio T. Martinez-Nunez,Manu Shankar-Hari,Manu Shankar-Hari,Jonathan D. Edgeworth,Jonathan D. Edgeworth,Stuart J. D. Neil,Michael H. Malim,Katie J. Doores +43 more
TL;DR: The present study has important implications when considering widespread serological testing and antibody protection against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, and may suggest that vaccine boosters are required to provide long-lasting protection.
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SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant exhibits efficient replication ex vivo and transmission in vivo
Yixuan J. Hou,Shiho Chiba,Peter Halfmann,Camille Ehre,Makoto Kuroda,Kenneth H. Dinnon,Sarah R. Leist,Alexandra Schäfer,Noriko Nakajima,Kenta Takahashi,Rhianna E. Lee,Teresa M. Mascenik,Rachel L. Graham,Caitlin E. Edwards,Longping V. Tse,Kenichi Okuda,Alena J. Markmann,Luther A. Bartelt,Aravinda M. de Silva,David M. Margolis,Richard C. Boucher,Scott H. Randell,Tadaki Suzuki,Lisa E. Gralinski,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Ralph S. Baric +26 more
TL;DR: The current dominant structural variant of SARS-CoV-2 appears to have evolved from the ancestral form and enhances transmissibility, and the mutation renders the new virus variant more susceptible to neutralizing antisera without altering the efficacy of vaccine candidates currently under development.
Posted ContentDOI
Evolution of Antibody Immunity to SARS-CoV-2
Christian Gaebler,Zijun Wang,Julio C. C. Lorenzi,Frauke Muecksch,Shlomo Finkin,Minami Tokuyama,Alice Cho,Mila Jankovic,Dennis Schaefer-Babajew,Thiago Y. Oliveira,Melissa Cipolla,Charlotte Viant,Christopher O. Barnes,Arlene Hurley,Martina Turroja,Kristie Gordon,Katrina G. Millard,Victor A. Ramos,Fabian Schmidt,Yiska Weisblum,Divya Jha,Michael Tankelevich,Jim Yee,Irina Shimeliovich,Davide F. Robbiani,Zhen Zhao,Anna Gazumyan,Theodora Hatziioannou,Pamela J. Bjorkman,Saurabh Mehandru,Paul D. Bieniasz,Marina Caskey,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Thomas Hagglof,Robert E. Schwartz,Yaron Bram,Gustavo Martinez-Delgado,Pilar Mendoza,Gaëlle Breton,Juan Dizon,Cecille Unson-O'Brien,Roshni Patel +41 more
TL;DR: The memory B cell response to SARS-CoV-2 evolves between 1.3 and 6.2 months after infection in a manner that is consistent with antigen persistence, and the antibodies they express have greater somatic hypermutation, increased potency and resistance to RBD mutations, indicative of continued evolution of the humoral response.
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Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19.
Adam K. Wheatley,Jennifer A Juno,Jing J. Wang,Kevin J. Selva,Arnold Reynaldi,Hyon-Xhi Tan,Wen Shi Lee,Kathleen M. Wragg,Hannah G. Kelly,Hannah G. Kelly,Robyn Esterbauer,Robyn Esterbauer,Samantha K Davis,Helen E Kent,Helen E Kent,Francesca L Mordant,Timothy E. Schlub,Timothy E. Schlub,David L. Gordon,David S. Khoury,Kanta Subbarao,Deborah Cromer,Tom P. Gordon,Tom P. Gordon,Amy W. Chung,Miles P. Davenport,Stephen J. Kent,Stephen J. Kent,Stephen J. Kent +28 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show a comprehensive profile of antibody, B cell and T cell dynamics over time in a cohort of patients who have recovered from mild-moderate COVID-19.
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Convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent individuals.
Davide F. Robbiani,Davide F. Robbiani,Christian Gaebler,Frauke Muecksch,Julio C. C. Lorenzi,Zijun Wang,Alice Cho,Marianna Agudelo,Christopher O. Barnes,Anna Gazumyan,Shlomo Finkin,Thomas Hagglof,Thiago Y. Oliveira,Charlotte Viant,Arlene Hurley,Hans Heinrich Hoffmann,Katrina G. Millard,Rhonda G. Kost,Melissa Cipolla,Kristie Gordon,Filippo Bianchini,Spencer T. Chen,Victor A. Ramos,Roshni Patel,Juan Dizon,Irina Shimeliovich,Pilar Mendoza,Harald Hartweger,Lilian Nogueira,Maggi Pack,Jill Horowitz,Fabian Schmidt,Yiska Weisblum,Eleftherios Michailidis,Alison W. Ashbrook,Eric Waltari,John E. Pak,Kathryn E. Huey-Tubman,Nicholas Koranda,Pauline R. Hoffman,Anthony P. West,Charles M. Rice,Theodora Hatziioannou,Pamela J. Bjorkman,Paul D. Bieniasz,Paul D. Bieniasz,Marina Caskey,Michel C. Nussenzweig,Michel C. Nussenzweig +48 more
TL;DR: Most convalescent plasma samples obtained from individuals who recover from COVID-19 do not contain high levels of neutralizing activity, and rare but recurring RBD-specific antibodies with potent antiviral activity were found in all individuals tested, suggesting that a vaccine designed to elicit such antibodies could be broadly effective.
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TL;DR: CP therapy was well tolerated and could potentially improve the clinical outcomes through neutralizing viremia in severe COVID-19 cases and the optimal dose and time point, as well as the clinical benefit of CP therapy, needs further investigation in larger well-controlled trials.
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