Journal ArticleDOI
Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.
Endel Tulving,Donald M. Thomson +1 more
TLDR
This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.Abstract:
Recent changes in prctheorclical orientation toward problems of human memory have brought with them a concern with retrieval processes, and a number of early versions of theories of retrieval have been constructed. This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items. Experiments designed to test the currently most popular theory of retrieval, the generation-recognition theory, yielded results incompatible not only with generation-recognition models, but most other theories as well: under certain conditions subjects consistently failed to recognize many recallable list words. Several tentative explanations of this phenomenon of recognition failure were subsumed under the encoding specificity principle according to which the memory trace of an event and hence the properties of effective retrieval cue are determined by the specific encoding operations performed by the system on the input stimuli.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Recall of common and uncommon words from pure and mixed lists
TL;DR: The authors compared recall of high and low-frequency words in the conventional free recall paradigm with recall of the same words when subjects were required to count backward before and after the presentation of each word.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
The life and times of files and information: a study of desktop provenance
TL;DR: A longitudinal study of knowledge workers at Intel Corporation tracking provenance events in their computer use and the effectiveness of provenance cues for document recall shows that provenance relationships are common, andprovenance cues aid recall.
Journal ArticleDOI
The memorial consequences of generation and transformation
TL;DR: It is suggested that some of the same cognitive processes are involved in generating sentences and in reading them from displays in rotated orientation and the effects of these processing tasks on elaboration and on integration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Angular Gyrus Involvement at Encoding and Retrieval Is Associated with Durable But Less Specific Memories
TL;DR: This study provides the first empirical evidence on how the hippocampus and the neocortex interact dynamically when acquiring and then effectively retaining durable knowledge that is associated to preexisting knowledge, but they do so at the cost of memory specificity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Second language fluency and its underlying cognitive and social determinants
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a perspective on second language fluency that goes beyond description by exploring a potential explanatory framework for understanding L2 fluency, focusing on the cognitive processing that underlies the manifestation of fluency and disfluency and on the ways social context might contribute to shaping fluency attainment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Levels of processing: A framework for memory research
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the evidence for multistore theories of memory and pointed out some difficulties with the approach and proposed an alternative framework for human memory research in terms of depth or levels of processing.
Book ChapterDOI
Human memory ; A proposed system and its control processes
TL;DR: This chapter presents a general theoretical framework of human memory and describes the results of a number of experiments designed to test specific models that can be derived from the overall theory.
Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Journal ArticleDOI
Remembering: a study in experimental and social psychology
F. C. Bartlett,Cyril Burt +1 more