Journal ArticleDOI
Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.
Endel Tulving,Donald M. Thomson +1 more
TLDR
This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.Abstract:
Recent changes in prctheorclical orientation toward problems of human memory have brought with them a concern with retrieval processes, and a number of early versions of theories of retrieval have been constructed. This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items. Experiments designed to test the currently most popular theory of retrieval, the generation-recognition theory, yielded results incompatible not only with generation-recognition models, but most other theories as well: under certain conditions subjects consistently failed to recognize many recallable list words. Several tentative explanations of this phenomenon of recognition failure were subsumed under the encoding specificity principle according to which the memory trace of an event and hence the properties of effective retrieval cue are determined by the specific encoding operations performed by the system on the input stimuli.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bilingualism and the Emotional Intensity of Advertising Language
TL;DR: This article proposed a language-specific episodic trace theory of language emotionality to explain how language influences the perceived emotionality of marketing communications, and found that textual information expressed in consumers' native language tends to be perceived as more emotional than messages expressed in their second language.
Journal ArticleDOI
Job-shift patterns in the Federal Republic of Germany: The effects of social class, industrial sector, and organizational size
TL;DR: The Structure of Economic Segmentation: A Dual Economy Approach as mentioned in this paper 85:1095-1116; American Sociological Review 46:869-84; and American Journal of Sociology 83:1368-97.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reflections on frequency effects in language processing
TL;DR: This article pointed out that language acquisition is a process of dynamic emergence and that learners' language is a product of their history of usage in communicative interaction and emphasized the importance of attention and form-focused instruction.
Improving Memory for Prose: The Relationship between Depth of Processing and Context. Technical Report No. 5.
TL;DR: Recall and recognition measures indicated that students remembered more information and more context-consonant information when given instructions which required processing the paragraphs at a semantic level, and context was a powerful determiner of which meaning was remembered from polysemous paragraphs only when incoming information was processed at a deeper, more semantic level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dispelling the illusion of invulnerability: The motivations and mechanisms of resistance to persuasion.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of a treatment designed to instill resistance to deceptive persuasive messages and found that after the resistance treatment, ads using illegitimate authority-based appeals became less persuasive, and ads using legitimate appeals became more persuasive.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Levels of processing: A framework for memory research
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the evidence for multistore theories of memory and pointed out some difficulties with the approach and proposed an alternative framework for human memory research in terms of depth or levels of processing.
Book ChapterDOI
Human memory ; A proposed system and its control processes
TL;DR: This chapter presents a general theoretical framework of human memory and describes the results of a number of experiments designed to test specific models that can be derived from the overall theory.
Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Journal ArticleDOI
Remembering: a study in experimental and social psychology
F. C. Bartlett,Cyril Burt +1 more