Journal ArticleDOI
Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory.
Endel Tulving,Donald M. Thomson +1 more
TLDR
This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.Abstract:
Recent changes in prctheorclical orientation toward problems of human memory have brought with them a concern with retrieval processes, and a number of early versions of theories of retrieval have been constructed. This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items. Experiments designed to test the currently most popular theory of retrieval, the generation-recognition theory, yielded results incompatible not only with generation-recognition models, but most other theories as well: under certain conditions subjects consistently failed to recognize many recallable list words. Several tentative explanations of this phenomenon of recognition failure were subsumed under the encoding specificity principle according to which the memory trace of an event and hence the properties of effective retrieval cue are determined by the specific encoding operations performed by the system on the input stimuli.read more
Citations
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Moral chronicity and social information processing: Tests of a social cognitive approach to the moral personality
TL;DR: The authors examined the eVects of chronically accessed moral constructs for prototypic moral character using two different research paradigms, spontaneous trait inferencing and lexical decision, and found that the moral personality is usefully conceptualized in terms of the chronic accessibility of moral knowledge structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recall and recognition in chronic nondemented schizophrenics: use of matched tasks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysing the concept of context in medical education
TL;DR: Effects of context on learning appear to depend on type of learning task, the relationship or interaction between the context and the learning material, and motivational features of the context.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stimulus generalization, context change, and forgetting.
TL;DR: Forgetting is often attributed to retrieval failure caused by background contextual cues changing over time However, generalization between stimuli may increase over time and make them increasingly interchangeable If this effect occurs with contextual cues, it might cancel any effect of a changing context.
Journal ArticleDOI
Positive supports for people who experience behavioral and cognitive disability after brain injury: a review.
TL;DR: This article reviews literature on behavioral outcome in children and adults with traumatic brain injury, traditional approaches to behavioral intervention and cognitive rehabilitation, and the history, principles, and assessment and treatment procedures associated with context-sensitive, support-oriented approaches to Behavioral and cognitive intervention.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Levels of processing: A framework for memory research
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the evidence for multistore theories of memory and pointed out some difficulties with the approach and proposed an alternative framework for human memory research in terms of depth or levels of processing.
Book ChapterDOI
Human memory ; A proposed system and its control processes
TL;DR: This chapter presents a general theoretical framework of human memory and describes the results of a number of experiments designed to test specific models that can be derived from the overall theory.
Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Journal ArticleDOI
Remembering: a study in experimental and social psychology
F. C. Bartlett,Cyril Burt +1 more