Book ChapterDOI
Genomics of staphylococcal Twort-like phages--potential therapeutics of the post-antibiotic era.
Małgorzata Łobocka,Monika S. Hejnowicz,Kamil Dąbrowski,Kamil Dąbrowski,Agnieszka Gozdek,Jarosław Kosakowski,Magdalena Witkowska,Magdalena Ulatowska,Beata Weber-Dąbrowska,Magdalena Kwiatek,Sylwia Parasion,Jan Gawor,Helena Kosowska,Aleksandra Głowacka,Aleksandra Głowacka +14 more
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TLDR
Polyvalent bacteriophages of the genus Twort-like that infect clinically relevant Staphylococcus strains may be among the most promising phages with potential therapeutic applications and can be predicted based on their homology to prototypical genes of model spounavirus SPO1.Abstract:
Polyvalent bacteriophages of the genus Twort-like that infect clinically relevant Staphylococcus strains may be among the most promising phages with potential therapeutic applications. They are obligatorily lytic, infect the majority of Staphylococcus strains in clinical strain collections, propagate efficiently and do not transfer foreign DNA by transduction. Comparative genomic analysis of 11 S. aureus/S. epidermidis Twort-like phages, as presented in this chapter, emphasizes their strikingly high similarity and clear divergence from phage Twort of the same genus, which might have evolved in hosts of a different species group. Genetically, these phages form a relatively isolated group, which minimizes the risk of acquiring potentially harmful genes. The order of genes in core parts of their 127 to 140-kb genomes is conserved and resembles that found in related representatives of the Spounavirinae subfamily of myoviruses. Functions of certain conserved genes can be predicted based on their homology to prototypical genes of model spounavirus SPO1. Deletions in the genomes of certain phages mark genes that are dispensable for phage development. Nearly half of the genes of these phages have no known homologues. Unique genes are mostly located near termini of the virion DNA molecule and are expressed early in phage development as implied by analysis of their potential transcriptional signals. Thus, many of them are likely to play a role in host takeover. Single genes encode homologues of bacterial virulence-associated proteins. They were apparently acquired by a common ancestor of these phages by horizontal gene transfer but presumably evolved towards gaining functions that increase phage infectivity for bacteria or facilitate mature phage release. Major differences between the genomes of S. aureus/S. epidermidis Twort-like phages consist of single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions/deletions of short stretches of nucleotides, single genes, or introns of group I. Although the number and location of introns may vary between particular phages, intron shuffling is unlikely to be a major factor responsible for specificity differences.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Phages of Staphylococcus aureus and their impact on host evolution
Guoqing Xia,Christiane Wolz +1 more
TL;DR: Recent advances regarding phage classification, genome organisation and function of S. aureus phages are summarized with a particular emphasis on their role in the evolution of the bacterial host.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Staphylococci phages family: an overview.
TL;DR: An overview of the staphylococcal phages family extended to CoNS phages is provided, with an extensive mosaicism, with genes organized into functional modules that are frequently exchanged between phages.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the nature of mycobacteriophage diversity and host preference.
Deborah Jacobs-Sera,Laura J. Marinelli,Charles A. Bowman,Gregory W. Broussard,Guerrero Bustamante C,Boyle Mm,Zaritza O. Petrova,Rebekah M. Dedrick,Welkin H. Pope,Modlin Rl,Roger W. Hendrix,Graham F. Hatfull +11 more
TL;DR: A model in which phage diversity is a function of both the ability of phages to rapidly adapt to new hosts and the richness of the diversity of the bacterial population from which those phages are isolated is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ø29-family of phages
TL;DR: In this article, W.J.M. and J.A.H. were supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture and Fundacion Raul Gonzalez-Salas, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targeting Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms with Phage Therapy
Leron Khalifa,Yair Brosh,Daniel Gelman,Shunit Coppenhagen-Glazer,Shaul Beyth,Ronit Poradosu-Cohen,Yok-Ai Que,Nurit Beyth,Ronen Hazan +8 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that phage therapy using EFDG1 might be efficacious to prevent E. faecalis infection after root canal treatment, and showed that the E FDG1 genome does not contain apparent harmful genes.
References
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TL;DR: The whole genome sequence of MW2, a strain of community-acquired MRSA, was ascertained by shotgun cloning and sequencing and found that it carried a range of virulence and resistance genes that was distinct from those displayed on the chromosomes of extant S aureus strains.
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