Gut microbiome composition is linked to whole grain-induced immunological improvements
Inés Martínez,James M. Lattimer,Kelcie L. Hubach,Jennifer A Case,Junyi Yang,Casey Weber,Julie A. Louk,Devin J. Rose,Gayaneh Kyureghian,Daniel A. Peterson,Mark D. Haub,Jens Walter +11 more
TLDR
It is revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.Abstract:
The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.read more
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Microbiome Responses to an Uncontrolled Short-Term Diet Intervention in the Frame of the Citizen Science Project.
Natalia Klimenko,Alexander V. Tyakht,Anna S. Popenko,Anatoly S. Vasiliev,Ilya Altukhov,Dmitry S. Ischenko,Tatiana I. Shashkova,Tatiana I. Shashkova,Daria Efimova,Dmitri A. Nikogosov,Dmitrii A. Osipenko,Sergey Musienko,Kseniya S. Selezneva,Ancha Baranova,Alexander Kurilshikov,Stepan Toshchakov,Aleksei A. Korzhenkov,Nazar I. Samarov,Margarita A. Shevchenko,Alina V. Tepliuk,Dmitry G. Alexeev,Dmitry G. Alexeev +21 more
TL;DR: A paired comparison of the metagenomes before and after the 2-week intervention showed that even a brief, uncontrolled intervention produced profound changes in community structure, paving the way for the development of an individualized diet.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Gut Microbiota and Its Implication in the Development of Atherosclerosis and Related Cardiovascular Diseases
Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez,Alejandro Egea-Zorrilla,Julio Plaza-Díaz,Jerónimo Aragón-Vela,Sergio Muñoz-Quezada,Luis Tercedor-Sánchez,Francisco Abadía-Molina +6 more
TL;DR: How external factors such as dietary and physical activity habits influence host-microbiota and atherogenesis, the potential mechanisms of the influence of gut microbiota in host blood pressure and the alterations in the prevalence of those bacterial genera affecting vascular tone and the development of hypertension are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Personalized Nutrition in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases.
Laura Di Renzo,Paola Gualtieri,Lorenzo Romano,Giulia Marrone,Annalisa Noce,Alberto Pujia,Marco Alfonso Perrone,Vincenzo Aiello,Carmela Colica,Antonino De Lorenzo +9 more
TL;DR: This review analyzed the role of “-omics sciences” (nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics) in the health status and as possible therapeutic tool in chronic degenerative diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inulin-type fructans improve active ulcerative colitis associated with microbiota changes and increased short-chain fatty acids levels
Rosica Valcheva,Petya Koleva,Inés Martínez,Jens Walter,Michael G. Gänzle,Levinus A. Dieleman +5 more
TL;DR: It was revealed that 15 g/d dose inulin type fructans in UC produced functional but not compositional shifts of the gut microbiota, suggesting that prebiotic-induced alterations of gut microbiota metabolism are more important than compositional changes for the benefits in UC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intake of Whole-Grain and Fiber-Rich Rye Bread Versus Refined Wheat Bread Does Not Differentiate Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Finnish Adults with Metabolic Syndrome
Jenni Lappi,Jarkko Salojärvi,Marjukka Kolehmainen,Hannu Mykkänen,Kaisa Poutanen,Willem M. de Vos,Willem M. de Vos,Anne Salonen,Anne Salonen +8 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the quality of grains has a minor effect on the intestinal microbiota composition in participants with metabolic syndrome and suggest that the dietary influence on the microbiota involves other dietary components such as fat.
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