Gut microbiome composition is linked to whole grain-induced immunological improvements
Inés Martínez,James M. Lattimer,Kelcie L. Hubach,Jennifer A Case,Junyi Yang,Casey Weber,Julie A. Louk,Devin J. Rose,Gayaneh Kyureghian,Daniel A. Peterson,Mark D. Haub,Jens Walter +11 more
TLDR
It is revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.Abstract:
The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Gluten Intake Is Not Associated With Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in US Adults Without Celiac Disease
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Book ChapterDOI
“We Are What We Eat”: How Diet Impacts the Gut Microbiota in Adulthood
TL;DR: This chapter highlights the current knowledge on the ecology of the microbiota in adults and how it is affected by diet, and summarizes observations from different cross-sectional and intervention studies that focused on the impact of diet on microbiota composition and activity.
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Randomized controlled trial demonstrates response to a probiotic intervention for metabolic syndrome that may correspond to diet
Hannah C Wastyk,Dalia Perelman,Madeline Topf,Gabriela K. Fragiadakis,Jennifer L. Robinson,Justin L. Sonnenburg,Christopher D. Gardner,Erica D. Sonnenburg +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , an 18-week, randomized prospective study was conducted to explore the effects of a probiotic vs. placebo supplement on 39 adults with elevated parameters of metabolic syndrome.
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