Gut microbiome composition is linked to whole grain-induced immunological improvements
Inés Martínez,James M. Lattimer,Kelcie L. Hubach,Jennifer A Case,Junyi Yang,Casey Weber,Julie A. Louk,Devin J. Rose,Gayaneh Kyureghian,Daniel A. Peterson,Mark D. Haub,Jens Walter +11 more
TLDR
It is revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.Abstract:
The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans.read more
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Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men
Anne Salonen,Leo Lahti,Jarkko Salojärvi,Grietje Holtrop,Katri Korpela,Sylvia H. Duncan,Priya Date,Freda M. Farquharson,Alexandra M. Johnstone,Gerald E. Lobley,Petra Louis,Harry J. Flint,Willem M. de Vos +12 more
TL;DR: The dietary responsiveness of the individual’s microbiota varied substantially and associated inversely with its diversity, suggesting that individuals can be stratified into responders and non-responders based on the features of their intestinal microbiota.
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Diet–microbiota interactions and personalized nutrition
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The Gut Microbiota of Rural Papua New Guineans: Composition, Diversity Patterns, and Ecological Processes
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Contribution of diet to the composition of the human gut microbiota.
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Intestinal Dysbiosis Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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TL;DR: This is the first report describing an SLE-associated intestinal dysbiosis, and it contributes to the understanding of the interplay between the intestinal microbiota and the host in autoimmune disorders.
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