HIV-associated neurologic disease incidence changes: Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, 1990–1998
Ned Sacktor,Robert H. Lyles,Richard L. Skolasky,C. Kleeberger,Ola A. Selnes,Eric N. Miller,James T. Becker,Bruce A. Cohen,Justin C. McArthur +8 more
TLDR
The proportion of new cases of HIV dementia with a CD4 count in a higher range since 1996 may be increasing, and the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be responsible.Abstract:
This study examined the temporal trends in the incidence rates of HIV dementia, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and CNS lymphoma from January 1990 to December 1998 in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. The incidence rates for HIV dementia, cryptococcal meningitis, and lymphoma decreased following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The proportion of new cases of HIV dementia with a CD4 count in a higher range (i.e., 201 to 350) since 1996 may be increasing.read more
Citations
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Highly active antiretroviral therapy improves neurocognitive functioning.
Kevin Robertson,Wendy T. Robertson,Sutapa Ford,David Watson,Susan A. Fiscus,Amanda G. Harp,Colin D. Hall +6 more
TL;DR: There is satisfactory short-term improvement in both central nervous system viral burden and nervous system function with HAART, and because treatment failure is increasingly likely over time, continued longitudinal evaluation of this group of subjects is required.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Prognostic Determinants of AIDS-Related Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in the Era of Advanced Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Andrea Antinori,Dora Larussa,Antonella Cingolani,Patrizia Lorenzini,Simona Bossolasco,Maria Grazia Finazzi,Marco Bongiovanni,Giovanni Guaraldi,Susanna Grisetti,Beniamino Vigo,Beniamino Gigli,Andrea Mariano,Ernesto Renato Dalle Nogare,Michele De Marco,Francesca Moretti,Paola Corsi,N. Abrescia,Patrizia Rellecati,Antonella Castagna,Cristina Mussini,Adriana Ammassari,Paola Cinque,Antonella d'Arminio Monforte +22 more
TL;DR: Considering that persons with TE have a high probability of early death, prophylaxis should be maintained in immunosuppressed patients who experience failure of antiretroviral therapy, and HAART should be initiated as soon as possible after TE diagnosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Viral and cellular factors underlying neuropathogenesis in HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND)
TL;DR: This work reviews host factors and viral genotypic differences that affect phenotypic pathological outcomes, as well as recent advances in treatment options to specifically address the neurotoxic mechanisms in play, to help appreciate the viral and host factors that bring about neurological dysfunction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prognostic significance of JC virus DNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Simona Bossolasco,Giliola Calori,Francesca Moretti,Antonio Boschini,Davide Bertelli,Maurizio Mena,Simonetta Gerevini,Arabella Bestetti,Rosa Pedale,Serena Sala,Stefania Sala,Adriano Lazzarin,Paola Cinque +12 more
TL;DR: Measurement of JCV DNA levels in CSF samples may be a useful virological marker for management of PML in patients receiving HAart, and correlated significantly with shorter survival and lower CD4+ cell counts in patients not receiving HAART.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiretroviral therapy improves cognitive impairment in HIV+ individuals in sub-Saharan Africa.
Ned Sacktor,Noeline Nakasujja,Richard L. Skolasky,Kevin Robertson,Matthew Wong,Seggane Musisi,Allan R. Ronald,Elly Katabira +7 more
TL;DR: Improvements found in the Memorial Sloan Kettering HIV dementia stage and in tests of verbal memory, psychomotor speed, and executive functioning after 3 and 6 months of HAART suggest that HAART, if available in areas with limited resources in sub-Saharan Africa, should be provided for patients with HIV-associated cognitive impairment.
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