HIV-associated neurologic disease incidence changes: Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, 1990–1998
Ned Sacktor,Robert H. Lyles,Richard L. Skolasky,C. Kleeberger,Ola A. Selnes,Eric N. Miller,James T. Becker,Bruce A. Cohen,Justin C. McArthur +8 more
TLDR
The proportion of new cases of HIV dementia with a CD4 count in a higher range since 1996 may be increasing, and the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be responsible.Abstract:
This study examined the temporal trends in the incidence rates of HIV dementia, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and CNS lymphoma from January 1990 to December 1998 in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. The incidence rates for HIV dementia, cryptococcal meningitis, and lymphoma decreased following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The proportion of new cases of HIV dementia with a CD4 count in a higher range (i.e., 201 to 350) since 1996 may be increasing.read more
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Update on neuroimaging in infectious central nervous system disease.
TL;DR: This review summarizes progress in the neuroimaging of infectious central nervous system disease since January 2003 and focuses on imaging of viral encephalitis, including that caused by exotic and emerging viruses, and on imaging in immunodeficient patients.
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HIV-TAT protein upregulates expression of multidrug resistance protein 1 in the blood-brain barrier.
Kentaro Hayashi,Hong Pu,Ibolya E. András,Sung Yong Eum,Atsushi Yamauchi,Bernhard Hennig,Michal Toborek +6 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that Tat exposure can lead to alterations of the BBB functions and decrease HAART efficacy in the CNS through overexpression of drug efflux transporters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel markers of oxidative stress in actively progressive HIV dementia.
Ned Sacktor,Norman J. Haughey,Roy G. Cutler,Anita Tamara,Jadwiga Turchan,Carlos A. Pardo,Diana L. Vargas,Avindra Nath +7 more
TL;DR: Data is described showing increased levels of these oxidative stress markers in HIV encephalitis, which may be useful for distinguishing between different clinical phenotypes of HIV dementia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment Benefit on Cerebrospinal Fluid HIV-1 Levels in the Setting of Systemic Virological Suppression and Failure
TL;DR: In this cohort, antiretroviral therapy had a greater effect on HIV-1 RNA levels in CSF than in plasma and reduced intrathecal inflammation, even in the presence of drug resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolving paradigms in the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated dementia.
TL;DR: Mechanisms for neuronal injury and apoptosis, including the role of virus, viral and host proteins, oxidative stress and products of infected or uninfected activated microglia and astrocytes, are explored.
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