Open AccessJournal Article
Interleukin-13: Central mediator of allergic asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TLDR
In this article, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.Abstract:
The worldwide incidence, morbidity, and mortality of allergic asthma are increasing. The pathophysiological features of allergic asthma are thought to result from the aberrant expansion of CD4 + T cells producing the type 2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5, although a necessary role for these cytokines in allergic asthma has not been demonstrable. The type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma. IL-13 induces the pathophysiological features of asthma in a manner that is independent of immunoglobulin E and eosinophils. Thus, IL-13 is critical to allergen-induced asthma but operates through mechanisms other than those that are classically implicated in allergic responses.read more
Citations
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The role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of asthma
TL;DR: The efficacy of cyclosporin A and anti-CD4 treatment in patients with chronic severe asthma argues for continued T-cell involvement, but whether remodeling contributes to pathology inaccessible to anti-inflammatory treatment or T- cell immunotherapy will be an important future question.
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Cytokines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
TL;DR: The cytokine profile seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is different from that observed in asthma, and the role of these cytokines needs to be defined and there is a potential for anticytokine therapy in chronic obstetric pulmonary disease.
Mucosal immunity relies on the delicate balance between antigen responsiveness and tolerance. The polarization of T helper cells plays a key role in maintaining or disrupting this equilibrium. The role of Th1/Th2 polarization in mucosal immunity
TL;DR: Mucosal immunity relies on the delicate balance between antigen responsiveness and tolerance and the polarization of T helper cells plays a key role in maintaining this equilibrium.
Journal ArticleDOI
IL-13 receptors and signaling pathways: An evolving web
TL;DR: The current understanding of the IL-13 receptors and signaling pathways is summarized, supported by many in vivo observations, including that administration ofIL-13 resulted in allergic inflammation, tissue-specific overexpression of IL- 13 in the lungs of transgenic mice resulted in airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stimulation of Airway Mucin Gene Expression by Interleukin (IL)-17 through IL-6 Paracrine/Autocrine Loop
TL;DR: Investigation of MUC5B expression demonstrated that IL-17's effect is at least partly mediated through IL-6 by a JAK2-dependent autocrine/paracrine loop, and evidence is presented to show that both IL-4, IL-9, and IL-13 mediate Muc5Bexpression through the ERK signaling pathway.
References
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TL;DR: The existence of subsets of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes that differ in their cytokine secretion patterns and effector functions provides a framework for understanding the heterogeneity of normal and pathological immune responses.
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Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
TL;DR: Atopic asthma is associated with activation in the bronchi of the interleukin-3, 4, and 5 and GM-CSF gene cluster, a pattern compatible with predominant activation of the TH2-like T-cell population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.
Jean Bousquet,Pascal Chanez,J.-Y. Lacoste,G. Barneon,N Ghavanian,I. Enander,Per Venge,Staffan Ahlstedt,J Simony-Lafontaine,P. Godard +9 more
TL;DR: Eosinophilic inflammation of the airways is correlated with the severity of asthma and these cells are likely to play a part in the epithelial damage seen in this disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Requirement for IL-13 Independently of IL-4 in Experimental Asthma
Gabriele Grünig,Martha L. Warnock,Adil E. Wakil,Rajeev Venkayya,Frank Brombacher,Donna M. Rennick,Dean Sheppard,Markus Mohrs,Debra D. Donaldson,Richard M. Locksley,David B. Corry +10 more
TL;DR: This article showed that IL-4 receptor α chain-dependent pathway may underlie the genetic associations of asthma with both the human 5q31 locus and the IL4 receptor and showed that selective neutralization of IL-13, a cytokine related to interleukin-4 that also binds to the α chain of the IL 4 receptor, ameliorated asthma phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular events in the bronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation.
TL;DR: It is concluded that allergic asthma is accompanied by extensive inflammatory changes in the airways, even in mild clinical and subclinical disease.
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