Open AccessJournal Article
Interleukin-13: Central mediator of allergic asthma
Marsha Wills-Karp,Jackie Luyimbazi,Xueying Xu,Brian Schofield,Tamlyn Neben,Christopher L. Karp,Debra D. Donaldson +6 more
TLDR
In this article, the type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma.Abstract:
The worldwide incidence, morbidity, and mortality of allergic asthma are increasing. The pathophysiological features of allergic asthma are thought to result from the aberrant expansion of CD4 + T cells producing the type 2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5, although a necessary role for these cytokines in allergic asthma has not been demonstrable. The type 2 cytokine IL-13, which shares a receptor component and signaling pathways with IL-4, was found to be necessary and sufficient for the expression of allergic asthma. IL-13 induces the pathophysiological features of asthma in a manner that is independent of immunoglobulin E and eosinophils. Thus, IL-13 is critical to allergen-induced asthma but operates through mechanisms other than those that are classically implicated in allergic responses.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in asthma: insights from clinical studies.
TL;DR: New insights about the relationships between cellular inflammation and disease phenotypes of asthma support the concept that different subgroups of patients with asthma, despite clinically similar features, can be defined by specific cellular and molecular markers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased numbers of activated group 2 innate lymphoid cells in the airways of patients with severe asthma and persistent airway eosinophilia.
Steven G. Smith,Ruchong Chen,Ruchong Chen,Melanie Kjarsgaard,Chynna Huang,John-Paul Oliveria,Paul M. O'Byrne,Gail M. Gauvreau,Louis-Philippe Boulet,Catherine Lemière,James G. Martin,Parameswaran Nair,Roma Sehmi +12 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that ILC2s can promote the persistence of airway eosinophilia in patients with severe asthma through uncontrolled localized production of the type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13, despite high-dose oral corticosteroid therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Role for Immune Complexes in Enhanced Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
Fernando P. Polack,Michael N. Teng,Peter L. Collins,Gregory A. Prince,Marcus Exner,Heinz Regele,Dario D. Lirman,Richard Rabold,Scott J. Hoffman,Christopher L. Karp,Steven R. Kleeberger,Marsha Wills-Karp,Ruth A. Karron +12 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that enhanced RSV disease is mediated by immune complexes and abrogated in complement component C3 and B cell–deficient mice but not in controls, and correlation with the enhanced disease observed in children is shown by providing evidence of complement activation in postmortem lung sections from children with enhancedRSV disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathology of asthma
TL;DR: Asthma is classically recognized as the typical Th2 disease, with increased IgE levels and eosinophilic inflammation in the airway, which induces airway remodeling and induces increased airway smooth muscle mass, which generate asthmatic symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simultaneous disruption of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 defines individual roles in T helper cell type 2-mediated responses.
Grahame James Mckenzie,Padraic G. Fallon,Claire Emson,Richard K. Grencis,Andrew N. J. McKenzie +4 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that IL-4 and IL-13 cooperate to initiate rapid Th2 cell–driven responses, and that although their functions overlap, they perform additive roles.
References
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Douglas S. Robinson,Qutayba Hamid,Sun Ying,Anne Tsicopoulos,J. Barkans,Andrew Bentley,Christopher Corrigan,Stephen R. Durham,A. B. Kay +8 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.
Jean Bousquet,Pascal Chanez,J.-Y. Lacoste,G. Barneon,N Ghavanian,I. Enander,Per Venge,Staffan Ahlstedt,J Simony-Lafontaine,P. Godard +9 more
TL;DR: Eosinophilic inflammation of the airways is correlated with the severity of asthma and these cells are likely to play a part in the epithelial damage seen in this disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Requirement for IL-13 Independently of IL-4 in Experimental Asthma
Gabriele Grünig,Martha L. Warnock,Adil E. Wakil,Rajeev Venkayya,Frank Brombacher,Donna M. Rennick,Dean Sheppard,Markus Mohrs,Debra D. Donaldson,Richard M. Locksley,David B. Corry +10 more
TL;DR: This article showed that IL-4 receptor α chain-dependent pathway may underlie the genetic associations of asthma with both the human 5q31 locus and the IL4 receptor and showed that selective neutralization of IL-13, a cytokine related to interleukin-4 that also binds to the α chain of the IL 4 receptor, ameliorated asthma phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular events in the bronchi in mild asthma and after bronchial provocation.
TL;DR: It is concluded that allergic asthma is accompanied by extensive inflammatory changes in the airways, even in mild clinical and subclinical disease.
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