Nutrient sensing and inflammation in metabolic diseases.
TLDR
This Review provides an overview of several important networks that sense and manage nutrients and discusses how they integrate with immune and inflammatory pathways to influence the physiological and pathological metabolic states in the body.Abstract:
The proper functioning of the pathways that are involved in the sensing and management of nutrients is central to metabolic homeostasis and is therefore among the most fundamental requirements for survival. Metabolic systems are integrated with pathogen-sensing and immune responses, and these pathways are evolutionarily conserved. This close functional and molecular integration of the immune and metabolic systems is emerging as a crucial homeostatic mechanism, the dysfunction of which underlies many chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. In this Review we provide an overview of several important networks that sense and manage nutrients and discuss how they integrate with immune and inflammatory pathways to influence the physiological and pathological metabolic states in the body.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genesis of clinical and subclinical endometritis in dairy cows.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors address the genesis of endometritis and SCE in postpartum dairy cows considering metabolic stress, innate immune dysfunction, and shifts in the composition of the uterine microbiota.
Posted ContentDOI
Intestinal peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation regulates neural serotonin signaling through a feedback mechanism
Aude D. Bouagnon,Shubhi Srivastava,Oishika Panda,Frank C. Schroeder,Supriya Srinivasan,Kaveh Ashrafi +5 more
TL;DR: It is found that blocking the entry of fatty acyl-CoAs into peroxisomal β-oxidation in the intestine results in blunting of the effects of neural serotonin signaling on feeding and egg-laying behaviors, raising the possibility that the effect of serotonin on satiety may have their origins in feedback, homeostatic metabolic responses from the periphery.
Dissertation
Nutritional modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in health and disease
TL;DR: The notion that dietary energy intakes have a profound influence on hepatic metabolism is affirms, but there is no evidence from this thesis that this influence is macronutrient specific.
Immunomodulation by diet : individual differences in sensitivity in layer hens
TL;DR: It is concluded that normal diet can cause immunomodulation, mainly in animals with hyper HPA axis reactivity, and that introducing such practices may be more beneficial when mothers are treated, as all offspring showed immunommodulation, irrespective of selection line.
High-fat diet increases STAT-3 and c-Myc expression and induces VEGF production in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model
Luciana S Carmo,Dalila Cunha de Oliveira,Mayara Cortez,Amanda Nogueira-Pedro,Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero,Primavera Borelli,Marcelo Macedo Rogero,Ricardo Ambrósio Fock +7 more
TL;DR: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Lineu Prestes, 580-Bloco 17, São Brazilian, 05508-900.
References
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An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
Peter J. Turnbaugh,Ruth E. Ley,Michael A. Mahowald,Vincent Magrini,Elaine R. Mardis,Jeffrey I. Gordon +5 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that changes in the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota and indicates that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet.
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Inflammation and metabolic disorders
TL;DR: Dysfunction of the immune response and metabolic regulation interface can be viewed as a central homeostatic mechanism, dysfunction of which can lead to a cluster of chronic metabolic disorders, particularly obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance
TL;DR: A role for TNF-alpha in obesity and particularly in the insulin resistance and diabetes that often accompany obesity is indicated.
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Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance.
Haiyan Xu,Glenn Barnes,Qing Yang,Guo Tan,Daseng Yang,Chieh J. Chou,Jason Sole,Andrew Nichols,Jeffrey S. Ross,Louis A. Tartaglia,Hong Chen +10 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that obesity-related insulin resistance is, at least in part, a chronic inflammatory disease initiated in adipose tissue, and that macrophage-related inflammatory activities may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced insulin resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
David Ron,Peter Walter +1 more
TL;DR: Together, at least three mechanistically distinct arms of the UPR regulate the expression of numerous genes that function within the secretory pathway but also affect broad aspects of cell fate and the metabolism of proteins, amino acids and lipids.