Nutrient sensing and inflammation in metabolic diseases.
TLDR
This Review provides an overview of several important networks that sense and manage nutrients and discusses how they integrate with immune and inflammatory pathways to influence the physiological and pathological metabolic states in the body.Abstract:
The proper functioning of the pathways that are involved in the sensing and management of nutrients is central to metabolic homeostasis and is therefore among the most fundamental requirements for survival. Metabolic systems are integrated with pathogen-sensing and immune responses, and these pathways are evolutionarily conserved. This close functional and molecular integration of the immune and metabolic systems is emerging as a crucial homeostatic mechanism, the dysfunction of which underlies many chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. In this Review we provide an overview of several important networks that sense and manage nutrients and discuss how they integrate with immune and inflammatory pathways to influence the physiological and pathological metabolic states in the body.read more
Citations
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Inflammasome is a central player in the induction of obesity and insulin resistance
Rinke Stienstra,Janna A. van Diepen,Cees J. Tack,Hasan Zaki,Frank L. van de Veerdonk,Deshani Perera,Geoffrey Neale,Guido J. E. J. Hooiveld,Anneke Hijmans,Irene O.C.M. Vroegrijk,Sjoerd A.A. van den Berg,Johannes A. Romijn,Patrick C.N. Rensen,Leo A. B. Joosten,Mihai G. Netea,Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti +15 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mice deficient in Nlrp3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and caspase-1 were resistant to the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity, which correlated with protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance, and inhibition of the inflammasome is suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Metabolic dysfunction drives a mechanistically distinct proinflammatory phenotype in adipose tissue macrophages.
Mario Kratz,Mario Kratz,Brittney R. Coats,Katherine B. Hisert,Derek K. Hagman,Vesco Mutskov,Eduard Peris,Kelly Q. Schoenfelt,Jessica N. Kuzma,Ilona Larson,Peter Billing,Robert Landerholm,Matthew Crouthamel,David Gozal,Seungmin Hwang,Pradeep K. Singh,Lev Becker +16 more
TL;DR: It is shown that markers of classical activation are absent on ATMs from obese humans but are readily detectable on airway macrophages of patients with cystic fibrosis, a disease associated with chronic bacterial infection, and PPARγ and p62/SQSTM1 are identified as two key proteins that promote lipid metabolism and limit inflammation in metabolically activated macrophage
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Targeting inflammation in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: time to start
TL;DR: Future immunomodulatory treatments may not target a specific disease, but could instead act on a dysfunctional pathway that causes several conditions associated with the metabolic syndrome.
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The endocannabinoid system links gut microbiota to adipogenesis
Giulio G. Muccioli,Damien Naslain,Fredrik Bäckhed,Christopher S. Reigstad,Didier M. Lambert,Nathalie M. Delzenne,Patrice D. Cani +6 more
TL;DR: It is reported that gut microbiota modulate the intestinal eCB system tone, which in turn regulates gut permeability and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and shows that LPS acts as a master switch to control adipose tissue metabolism both in vivo and ex vivo by blocking cannabinoid‐driven adipogenesis.
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Omega-3 fatty acids prevent inflammation and metabolic disorder through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Yiqing Yan,Wei Jiang,Thibaud Spinetti,Thibaud Spinetti,Aubry Tardivel,Rosa Castillo,Carole Bourquin,Greta Guarda,Zhigang Tian,Jürg Tschopp,Rongbin Zhou +10 more
TL;DR: π-3 FAs prevented NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent inflammation and metabolic disorder in a high-fat-diet-induced type 2 diabetes model and suggest the potential clinical use of ω-3 FAs in gout, autoinflammatory syndromes, or other NLRP-driven inflammatory diseases.
References
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