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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Pharmacokinetic aspects of retinal drug delivery.

TLDR
This article aims to provide a systematic and quantitative view on the pharmacokinetic factors in drug delivery to the posterior eye segment, based on the literature and unpublished data from the authors' laboratory.
About
This article is published in Progress in Retinal and Eye Research.The article was published on 2017-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 407 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Drug delivery & Drug.

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Citations
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Next generation antibody drugs: pursuit of the 'high-hanging fruit'.

TL;DR: This Review focuses on emerging and novel mechanisms of action of antibodies and innovative targeting strategies that could extend their therapeutic applications, including antibody–drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies and antibody engineering to facilitate more effective delivery.
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Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye: Biopharmaceutic and Pharmacokinetic Considerations.

TL;DR: An overview of pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutics aspects for the most commonly-used ocular administration routes, including information of the absorption, distribution, and elimination, as well as the benefits and limitations of each one.
Journal Article

Intravenously Administrated Gold Nanoparticles Pass Through Blood-Retinal Barrier Depending on the Particle Size, and Induce No Retinal Toxicity

TL;DR: In this paper, intravenously administered gold nanoparticles were shown to pass through the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and are distributed in all retinal layers without cytotoxicity.
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Principles of pharmacology in the eye.

TL;DR: The least invasive routes for ocular drug administration are topical (e.g. eyedrops) and systemic formulations as discussed by the authors, however, topical drugs often display limited bioavailability due to many physical and biochemical barriers including the pre-corneal tear film, the structure and biophysiologic properties of the cornea, the limited volume that can be accommodated by the cul-desac, the lacrimal drainage system and reflex tearing.
References
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A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo: polyethylenimine

TL;DR: Together, these properties make PEI a promising vector for gene therapy and an outstanding core for the design of more sophisticated devices because its efficiency relies on extensive lysosome buffering that protects DNA from nuclease degradation, and consequent lysOSomal swelling and rupture that provide an escape mechanism for the PEI/DNA particles.
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Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface

TL;DR: Probing the various interfaces of nanoparticle/biological interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings.
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Regulated portals of entry into the cell

TL;DR: ‘Endocytosis’ encompasses several diverse mechanisms by which cells internalize macromolecules and particles into transport vesicles derived from the plasma membrane and must be viewed in a broader context than simple vesicular trafficking.
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Microglia: active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain

TL;DR: This review focuses on several key observations that illustrate the multi-faceted activities of microglia in the normal and pathologic brain.
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Opsonization, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of polymeric nanoparticles

TL;DR: This work has shown that addition of PEG and PEG-containing copolymers to the surface of nanoparticles results in an increase in the blood circulation half-life of the particles by several orders of magnitude, and creates a hydrophilic protective layer around the nanoparticles that is able to repel the absorption of opsonin proteins via steric repulsion forces.
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