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Picornavirus and enterovirus diversity with associated human diseases
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TLDR
The Enterovirus genus is a prototype example of the Picornaviridae heterogeneity at both genetic and phenotypic levels and better characterization of these ubiquitous human pathogens may help to develop vaccines or antiviral treatments and to monitor the emergence of new strains.Citations
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Antiviral Natural Products and Herbal Medicines
TL;DR: In this mini-review, a summary of the antiviral effects reported for several natural products and herbal medicines is summarized.
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Neurotropic virus infections as the cause of immediate and delayed neuropathology.
Martin Ludlow,Jeroen Kortekaas,Christiane Herden,Bernd Hoffmann,Dennis Tappe,Corinna Trebst,Diane E. Griffin,Hannah Brindle,Tom Solomon,Alan S. Brown,Debby van Riel,Katja C. Wolthers,Dasja Pajkrt,Peter Wohlsein,Byron E. E. Martina,Wolfgang Baumgärtner,Georges M. G. M. Verjans,Georges M. G. M. Verjans,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus +19 more
TL;DR: Mechanisms that govern neuropathogenesis and immunopathogenesis of viral infections are highlighted, using examples of well-studied virus infections that are associated with these alterations in different populations throughout the world.
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Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD): emerging epidemiology and the need for a vaccine strategy
TL;DR: The development of a globally representative multivalent HFMD vaccine could be the best strategy to protect against other major emerging etiologies of HFMD such as CV-A16,CV-A6 and CV- a10.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enterovirus and parechovirus infection in children: a brief overview
TL;DR: This review is an overview of what is known from enterovirus and parechovirus infection in children and contains information about the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of enterov virus and paredchov virus infection inChildren.
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Probiotics in respiratory virus infections
TL;DR: More randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trials in different age populations investigating probiotic dose response, comparing probiotic strains/genera, and elucidating the antiviral effect mechanisms are necessary to provide insights on the possible antiviral mechanisms of probiotics.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A diverse group of previously unrecognized human rhinoviruses are common causes of respiratory illnesses in infants.
Wai-Ming Lee,Christin Kiesner,Tressa Pappas,Iris Lee,Kris Grindle,Tuomas Jartti,Bogdan Jakiela,Robert F. Lemanske,Peter Shult,James E. Gern +9 more
TL;DR: Over 50% of HRV detected in sick infants were previously unrecognized strains, including 9 strains that may represent a new HRV group, indicating that the number ofHRV strains is considerably larger than the 101 serotypes identified with traditional diagnostic techniques, and provide evidence of a newHRV group.
Journal Article
Poly (rC) binding protein 2 forms a ternary complex with the 5'-terminal sequences of poliovirus RNA and the viral 3CD proteinase.
TL;DR: Dicistronic RNAs containing mutations in the 5' cloverleaf-like structure of poliov virus that abate PCBP2 binding show a decrease in RNA replication and translation of gene products directed by the poliovirus 5' noncoding region in vitro, suggesting that the interaction of PCBP1 with these sequences performs a dual role in the virus life cycle by facilitating both viral protein synthesis and initiation of viral RNA synthesis.
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Phylogenetic analysis of enterovirus 71 strains isolated during linked epidemics in Malaysia, Singapore, and Western Australia.
TL;DR: Viruses belonging to genogroups B3 and B4 have circulated endemically in Southeast Asia during this period and have been the primary cause of several large HFMD or encephalitis epidemics in Malaysia, Singapore, and Western Australia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Enterovirus 71 Strains and Recent Outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific Region: Comparative Analysis of the VP1 and VP4 Genes
Mary Jane Cardosa,David Perera,Betty A. Brown,Doo-Sung Cheon,Hung Ming Chan,Kwai Peng Chan,Hae-Wol Cho,Peter C. McMinn +7 more
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of the VP4 and VP1 genes of recent HEV71 strains indicates that several genogroups of the virus have been circulating in the Asia-Pacific region since 1997, with large outbreaks in Taiwan and Perth in 1999.