Journal ArticleDOI
Recent human influenza A (H1N1) viruses are closely related genetically to strains isolated in 1950
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TLDR
Comparison of the oligonucleotide maps of the RNAs of current human influenza (H1N1) virus isolates shows these strains to be much more closely related to viruses isolated in 1950 than to strains which circulated before or after that period.Citations
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Evolution and ecology of influenza A viruses.
TL;DR: Wild aquatic bird populations have long been considered the natural reservoir for influenza A viruses with virus transmission from these birds seeding other avian and mammalian hosts, but recent studies in bats have suggested other reservoir species may also exist.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiviral Actions of Interferons
TL;DR: Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of the antiviral actions of interferons (IFNs), as well as strategies evolved by viruses to antagonize the actions of IFNs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus.
TL;DR: Efforts to control these outbreaks and real-time monitoring of the evolution of this virus should provide invaluable information to direct infectious disease control programmes and to improve understanding of the factors that determine viral pathogenicity and/or transmissibility.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro and in vivo characterization of new swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses
Yasushi Itoh,Kyoko Shinya,Maki Kiso,Tokiko Watanabe,Yoshihiro Sakoda,Masato Hatta,Yukiko Muramoto,Daisuke Tamura,Yuko Sakai-Tagawa,Takeshi Noda,Saori Sakabe,Masaki Imai,Yasuko Hatta,Shinji Watanabe,Chengjun Li,Shinya Yamada,Ken Fujii,Shin Murakami,Hirotaka Imai,Satoshi Kakugawa,Mutsumi Ito,Ryo Takano,Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto,Masayuki Shimojima,Taisuke Horimoto,Hideo Goto,Kei Takahashi,Akiko Makino,Hirohito Ishigaki,Misako Nakayama,Masatoshi Okamatsu,Kazuo Takahashi,David Warshauer,Peter A. Shult,Reiko Saito,Hiroshi Suzuki,Yousuke Furuta,Makoto Yamashita,Keiko Mitamura,Kunio Nakano,Morio Nakamura,Rebecca A. Brockman-Schneider,Hiroshi Mitamura,Masahiko Yamazaki,Norio Sugaya,M. Suresh,Makoto Ozawa,Makoto Ozawa,Gabriele Neumann,James E. Gern,Hiroshi Kida,Kazumasa Ogasawara,Yoshihiro Kawaoka +52 more
TL;DR: It is shown that CA04 is sensitive to approved and experimental antiviral drugs, suggesting that these compounds could function as a first line of defence against the recently declared S-OIV pandemic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influenza virus evolution, host adaptation, and pandemic formation.
TL;DR: The evolution of influenza A viruses in their reservoir hosts is reviewed and genetic changes associated with introduction of novel viruses into humans, leading to pandemics and the establishment of seasonal viruses are discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping adenines, guanines, and pyrimidines in RNA
TL;DR: The positions of adenines, guanines, and pyrimidines can be determined by partial nuclease digestion of a terminally labeles RNA molecule and form the basis of an RNA sequencing method and are demonstrated on yeast 5.8S ribosomal RNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 32P-labeled RNA
R. De Wachter,Walter Fiers +1 more
TL;DR: The method has been applied to the complete separation of RNA fractions obtained after a preliminary gel electrophoresis of partial enzymic digests of 32P-labeled bacteriophage RNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on the origin of pandemic influenza: III. Evidence implicating duck and equine influenza viruses as possible progenitors of the Hong Kong strain of human influenza
W.G. Laver,Robert G. Webster +1 more
TL;DR: Peptide maps showed that the light polypeptide chains from the hemagglutinin subunits of these animal, avian and human viruses had practically the same amino acid sequence, indicating that the three viruses arose, by genetic recombination, from a common ancestor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization and mapping of RNase T1-resistant oligonucleotides derived from the genomes of Akv and MCF murine leukemia viruses.
TL;DR: The results are consistent with a recombinational origin of MCF viruses, as proposed by Hartley and Rowe and their collaborators, and the RNA sequences present in different MCF isolates but not present in Akv-viruses are related.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping of the influenza virus genome: identification of the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase genes.
Peter Palese,Jerome L. Schulman +1 more
TL;DR: Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the RNA of influenza A/PR/8/34 (H0N1) and A/Hong Kong/8-68 (H3N2) viruses and recombinant viruses derived from them revealed that each contains eight RNA segments, the fourth of which codes for hemagglutinin.
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