Role of microbial biofilms in the maintenance of oral health and in the development of dental caries and periodontal diseases. Consensus report of group 1 of the joint efp/orca workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal disease
Mariano Sanz,David Beighton,Michael A. Curtis,Jaime Aparecido Cury,Irene Dige,Henrik Dommisch,Roger Ellwood,Rodrigo A. Giacaman,David Herrera,Mark C. Herzberg,Eija Könönen,Philip Marsh,Joerg Meyle,Alex Mira,Ana Molina,Andrea Mombelli,Marc Quirynen,Eric C. Reynolds,Lior Shapira,Egija Zaura +19 more
TLDR
The present state of knowledge suggests that the aetiologies of caries and periodontal diseases are mutually independent, and the elements of innate immunity that appear to contribute to resistance to both are somewhat coincidental.Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The scope of this working group was to review (1) ecological interactions at the dental biofilm in health and disease, (2) the role of microbial communities in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and caries, and (3) the innate host response in caries and periodontal diseases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A health-associated biofilm includes genera such as Neisseria, Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Veillonella and Granulicatella. Microorganisms associated with both caries and periodontal diseases are metabolically highly specialized and organized as multispecies microbial biofilms. Progression of these diseases involves multiple microbial interactions driven by different stressors. In caries, the exposure of dental biofilms to dietary sugars and their fermentation to organic acids results in increasing proportions of acidogenic and aciduric species. In gingivitis, plaque accumulation at the gingival margin leads to inflammation and increasing proportions of proteolytic and often obligately anaerobic species. The natural mucosal barriers and saliva are the main innate defence mechanisms against soft tissue bacterial invasion. Similarly, enamel and dentin are important hard tissue barriers to the caries process. Given that the present state of knowledge suggests that the aetiologies of caries and periodontal diseases are mutually independent, the elements of innate immunity that appear to contribute to resistance to both are somewhat coincidental.read more
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Impact of the Global Burden of Periodontal Diseases on Health, Nutrition and Wellbeing of Mankind: a Call for Global Action
TL;DR: A strong and coherent body of evidence allows identification of actionable preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to effectively promote periodontal health and general wellbeing, and better manage the socio-economic consequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Periodontitis: A Multifaceted Disease of Tooth-Supporting Tissues.
TL;DR: Periodontitis is an infection-driven inflammatory disease in which the composition of biofilms plays a significant role and characteristically results in irreversible loss of attachment and alveolar bone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases at individual and population level: consensus report of group 3 of joint EFP/ORCA workshop on the boundaries between caries and periodontal diseases
Søren Jepsen,Juan Blanco,Wolfgang Buchalla,Joana Christina Carvalho,Thomas Dietrich,Christof E. Dörfer,Kenneth A Eaton,Elena Figuero,Jo E. Frencken,Filippo Graziani,Susan M. Higham,Thomas D. Kocher,Marisa Maltz,Alberto Ortiz-Vigón,Julian Schmoeckel,Anton Sculean,Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta,Monique H van der Veen,Monique H van der Veen,Vita Machiulskiene +19 more
TL;DR: The prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases and the prevention of ultimate tooth loss is a lifelong commitment employing population- and individual-based interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical and public health implications of periodontal and systemic diseases: An overview
Robert J. Genco,Mariano Sanz +1 more
TL;DR: Important advances have been made not only in the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis, but also with many other systemic diseases including metabolic disease and obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, certain cancers, respiratory diseases, and cognitive disorders including Alzheimer's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of chlorhexidine mouthwash on the oral microbiome
Raul Bescos,Ann Ashworth,Craig Cutler,Zoë L. S. Brookes,Louise A. Belfield,Ana Rodiles,Patricia Casas-Agustench,Garry Farnham,Luke Liddle,Mia Burleigh,Desley White,Chris Easton,Mary Hickson +12 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mouthwash containing CHX is associated with a major shift in the salivary microbiome, leading to more acidic conditions and lower nitrite availability in healthy individuals.
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TL;DR: The Human Microbiome Project Consortium reported the first results of their analysis of microbial communities from distinct, clinically relevant body habitats in a human cohort; the insights into the microbial communities of a healthy population lay foundations for future exploration of the epidemiology, ecology and translational applications of the human microbiome as discussed by the authors.
Journal Article
Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome
Curtis Huttenhower,Dirk Gevers,Rob Knight,Sahar Abubucker,Jonathan H. Badger,Asif T. Chinwalla,Heather Huot Creasy,Ashlee M. Earl,Michael Fitzgerald,Robert S. Fulton,Michelle G. Giglio,Kymberlie Hallsworth-Pepin,Elizabeth A. Lobos,Ramana Madupu,Vincent Magrini,John Martin,Makedonka Mitreva,Donna M. Muzny,Erica Sodergren,James Versalovic,Aye Wollam,Kim C. Worley,Jennifer R. Wortman,Sarah Young,Qiandong Zeng,Kjersti Aagaard,Olukemi O. Abolude,Emma Allen-Vercoe,Eric J. Alm,Lucia Alvarado,Gary L. Andersen,Scott Anderson,Elizabeth L. Appelbaum,Harindra Arachchi,Gary C. Armitage,Cesar Arze,Tulin Ayvaz,Carl C. Baker,Lisa Begg,Tsegahiwot Belachew,Veena Bhonagiri,Monika Bihan,Martin J. Blaser,Toby Bloom,Vivien Bonazzi,J. Paul Brooks,Gregory A. Buck,Christian J. Buhay,Dana A. Busam,Joseph L. Campbell,Shane Canon,Brandi L. Cantarel,Patrick S. G. Chain,I-Min A. Chen,Lei Chen,Shaila Chhibba,Ken Chu,Dawn Ciulla,Jose C. Clemente,Sandra W. Clifton,Sean Conlan,Jonathan Crabtree,Mary A. Cutting,Noam J. Davidovics,Catherine C. Davis,Todd Z. DeSantis,Carolyn Deal,Kimberley D. Delehaunty,Floyd E. Dewhirst,Elena Deych,Yan Ding,David J. Dooling,Shannon Dugan,Wm. Michael Dunne,A. Scott Durkin,Robert C. Edgar,Rachel L. Erlich,Candace N. Farmer,Ruth M. Farrell,Karoline Faust,Michael Feldgarden,Victor Felix,Sheila A. Fisher,Anthony A. Fodor,Larry J. Forney,Leslie Foster,Valentina Di Francesco,Jonathan Friedman,Dennis C. Friedrich,Catrina Fronick,Lucinda Fulton,Hongyu Gao,Nathalia Garcia,Georgia Giannoukos,Christina Giblin,Maria Y. Giovanni,Jonathan M. Goldberg,Johannes B. Goll,Antonio Gonzalez,Allison D. Griggs,Sharvari Gujja,Susan Kinder Haake,Brian J. Haas,Holli A. Hamilton,Emily L. Harris,Theresa A. Hepburn,Brandi Herter,Diane E. Hoffmann,Michael Holder,Clinton Howarth,Katherine H. Huang,Susan M. Huse,Jacques Izard,Janet K. Jansson,Huaiyang Jiang,Craig T. Jordan,Vandita Joshi,James A. Katancik,Wendy A. Keitel,Scott T. Kelley,Cristyn Kells,Nicholas B. King,Dan Knights,Heidi H. Kong,Omry Koren,Sergey Koren,Karthik Kota,Christie Kovar,Nikos C. Kyrpides,Patricio S. La Rosa,Sandra L. Lee,Katherine P. Lemon,Niall J. Lennon,Cecil M. Lewis,Lora Lewis,Ruth E. Ley,Kelvin Li,Konstantinos Liolios,Bo Liu,Yue Liu,Chien-Chi Lo,Catherine A. Lozupone,R. Dwayne Lunsford,Tessa Madden,Anup Mahurkar,Peter J. Mannon,Elaine R. Mardis,Victor M. Markowitz,Konstantinos Mavromatis,Jamison McCorrison,Daniel McDonald,Jean E. McEwen,Amy L. McGuire,Pamela McInnes,Teena Mehta,Kathie A. Mihindukulasuriya,Jason R. Miller,Patrick Minx,Irene Newsham,Chad Nusbaum,Michelle O'Laughlin,Joshua Orvis,Ioanna Pagani,Krishna Palaniappan,Shital M. Patel,Matthew D. Pearson,Jane Peterson,Mircea Podar,Craig Pohl,Katherine S. Pollard,Mihai Pop,Margaret Priest,Lita M. Proctor,Xiang Qin,Jeroen Raes,Jacques Ravel,Jeffrey G. Reid,Mina Rho,Rosamond Rhodes,Kevin Riehle,Maria C. Rivera,Beltran Rodriguez-Mueller,Yu-Hui Rogers,Matthew C. Ross,Carsten Russ,Ravi Sanka,Pamela Sankar,J. Fah Sathirapongsasuti,Jeffery A. Schloss,Patrick D. Schloss,Thomas M. Schmidt,Matthew B. Scholz,Lynn M. Schriml,Alyxandria M. Schubert,Nicola Segata,Julia A. Segre,William D. Shannon,Richard R. Sharp,Thomas J. Sharpton,Narmada Shenoy,Nihar U. Sheth,Gina A. Simone,Indresh Singh,Christopher Smillie,Jack D. Sobel,Daniel D. Sommer,Paul Spicer,Granger G. Sutton,Sean M. Sykes,Diana Tabbaa,Mathangi Thiagarajan,Chad Tomlinson,Manolito Torralba,Todd J. Treangen,Rebecca Truty,Tatiana A. Vishnivetskaya,Jason Walker,Lu Wang,Zhengyuan Wang,Doyle V. Ward,Wesley C. Warren,Mark A. Watson,Christopher Wellington,Kris A. Wetterstrand,James R. White,Katarzyna Wilczek-Boney,Yuanqing Wu,Kristine M. Wylie,Todd Wylie,Chandri N. Yandava,Liang Ye,Yuzhen Ye,Shibu Yooseph,Bonnie P. Youmans,Lan Zhang,Yanjiao Zhou,Yiming Zhu,Laurie Zoloth,Jeremy Zucker,Bruce W. Birren,Richard A. Gibbs,Sarah K. Highlander,Barbara A. Methé,Karen E. Nelson,Joseph F. Petrosino,George M. Weinstock,Richard K. Wilson,Owen White +247 more
TL;DR: The Human Microbiome Project has analysed the largest cohort and set of distinct, clinically relevant body habitats so far, finding the diversity and abundance of each habitat’s signature microbes to vary widely even among healthy subjects, with strong niche specialization both within and among individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Human Oral Microbiome
Floyd E. Dewhirst,Floyd E. Dewhirst,Tuste Chen,Jacques Izard,Jacques Izard,Bruce J. Paster,Bruce J. Paster,Anne C.R. Tanner,Anne C.R. Tanner,Wen-Han Yu,Abirami Lakshmanan,William G. Wade,William G. Wade +12 more
TL;DR: The HOMD is the first curated description of a human-associated microbiome and provides tools for use in understanding the role of the microbiome in health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunomicrobial pathogenesis of periodontitis: keystones, pathobionts, and host response.
TL;DR: New paradigms in the understanding of periodontitis are discussed, which may shed light into other polymicrobial inflammatory disorders and highlight gaps in knowledge required for an integrated picture of the interplay between microbes and innate and adaptive immune elements that initiate and propagate chronic periodontal inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk of aggressive periodontitis in adolescent carriers of the JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in Morocco: a prospective longitudinal cohort study
TL;DR: The JP2 clone of A actinomycetemcomitans is likely to be an important aetiological agent in initiation of periodontal attachment loss in children and adolescents.