The Distribution and Mechanism of Action of Ghrelin in the CNS Demonstrates a Novel Hypothalamic Circuit Regulating Energy Homeostasis
Michael A. Cowley,Roy G. Smith,Sabrina Diano,Matthias H. Tschöp,Nina Pronchuk,Kevin L. Grove,Christian J. Strasburger,Martin Bidlingmaier,Michael Esterman,Mark L. Heiman,Luis M. Garcia-Segura,Eduardo A. Nillni,Pablo Mendez,Malcolm J. Low,Péter Sótonyi,Jeffrey M. Friedman,Hongyan Liu,Shirly Pinto,William F. Colmers,Roger D. Cone,Tamas L. Horvath +20 more
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TLDR
Using electrophysiological recordings, ghrelin stimulated the activity of arcuate NPY neurons and mimicked the effect of NPY in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), thus representing a novel regulatory circuit controlling energy homeostasis.About:
This article is published in Neuron.The article was published on 2003-02-20 and is currently open access. It has received 1578 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Ghrelin & Ghrelin O-acyltransferase.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ghrelin: Structure and Function
Masayasu Kojima,Kenji Kangawa +1 more
TL;DR: The discovery of ghrelin indicates that the release of GH from the pituitary might be regulated not only by hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone, but also by gh Relin derived from the stomach, which plays important roles for maintaining GH release and energy homeostasis in vertebrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Circadian Clock Mutant Mice
Fred W. Turek,Corinne E. Joshu,Corinne E. Joshu,Akira Kohsaka,Akira Kohsaka,Emily Lin,Emily Lin,Ganka Ivanova,Ganka Ivanova,Erin L. McDearmon,Erin L. McDearmon,Aaron D. Laposky,Sue Losee-Olson,Amy Easton,Dalan R. Jensen,Robert H. Eckel,Joseph S. Takahashi,Joseph S. Takahashi,Joseph Bass,Joseph Bass +19 more
TL;DR: Estimation of transcripts encoding selected hypothalamic peptides associated with energy balance was attenuated in the Clock mutant mice, suggesting that the circadian clock gene network plays an important role in mammalian energy balance.
Journal Article
BRIEF COMMUNICATION ARISING: Gut hormone PYY3-36 physiologically inhibits food intake
Rachel L. Batterham,Michael A. Cowley,Caroline J. Small,Herbert Herzog,Mark A Cohen,C. L. Dakin,Alison M. Wren,Audrey E. Brynes,Malcolm J. Low +8 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that post-prandial elevation of PYY3-36 may act through the arcuate nucleus Y2R to inhibit feeding in a gut-hypothalamic pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anatomy and regulation of the central melanocortin system.
TL;DR: Given that the central melanocortin system is an active target for development of drugs for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and cachexia, it is important to understand the system in its full complexity, including the likelihood that the system also regulates the cardiovascular and reproductive systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin.
TL;DR: Ghrelin is considered a gastrointestinal peptide contributing to the regulation of diverse functions of the gut-brain axis and there is indeed a possibility that ghrelin analogs, acting as either agonists or antagonists, might have clinical impact.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach.
TL;DR: The occurrence of ghrelin in both rat and human indicates that GH release from the pituitary may be regulated not only by hypothalamic GHRH, but also by ghrelIn, a peptide specifically releases GH both in vivo and in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Orexins and Orexin Receptors: A Family of Hypothalamic Neuropeptides and G Protein-Coupled Receptors that Regulate Feeding Behavior
Takeshi Sakurai,Akira Amemiya,Makoto Ishii,Ichiyo Matsuzaki,Richard M. Chemelli,Hirokazu Tanaka,S. Clay Williams,James A. Richardson,Gerald P. Kozlowski,Shelagh Wilson,Jonathan R.S. Arch,Robin E. Buckingham,Andrea C. Haynes,Steven A. Carr,Roland S. Annan,Dean E. McNulty,Wu Schyong Liu,Jonathan A. Terrett,Nabil Elshourbagy,Derk J. Bergsma,Masashi Yanagisawa +20 more
TL;DR: Two novel neuropeptides are identified, both derived from the same precursor by proteolytic processing, that bind and activate two closely related (previously) orphan G protein-coupled receptors in the hypothalamus of rats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents.
TL;DR: It is proposed that ghrelin, in addition to its role in regulating GH secretion, signals the hypothalamus when an increase in metabolic efficiency is necessary, suggesting an involvement in regulation of energy balance.
Journal ArticleDOI
The hypocretins: Hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity
L de Lecea,Thomas S. Kilduff,Christelle Peyron,Xiao-Bing Gao,Pamela E. Foye,Patria E. Danielson,C. Fukuhara,Elena Battenberg,Vigdis T. Gautvik,Frederick S. Bartlett,Wayne N. Frankel,A. N. van den Pol,Floyd E. Bloom,Kaare M. Gautvik,J G Sutcliffe +14 more
TL;DR: A hypothalamus-specific mRNA is described that encodes preprohypocretin, the putative precursor of a pair of peptides that share substantial amino acid identities with the gut hormone secretin, suggesting that the hypocretins function within the CNS as neurotransmitters.
Journal ArticleDOI
A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding.
Masamitsu Nakazato,Noboru Murakami,Yukari Date,Masayasu Kojima,Hisayuki Matsuo,Kenji Kangawa,Shigeru Matsukura +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that ghrelin is involved in the hypothalamic regulation of energy homeostasis and probably has a function in growth regulation by stimulating feeding and release of growth hormone.
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