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Journal ArticleDOI

The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis

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TLDR
Several lines of evidence suggest that alternative mechanisms-including pharmacokinetic variability, induction of efflux pumps that transport the drug out of cells, and suboptimal drug penetration into tuberculosis lesions-are likely crucial to the pathogenesis of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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This article is published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.The article was published on 2017-04-01. It has received 461 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Bedaquiline & Delamanid.

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Citations
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Population implications of the use of bedaquiline in people with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: are fears of resistance justified?

TL;DR: It is argued that resistance concerns should not forestall use of bedaquiline in patients with XDR tuberculosis and the use of drug combinations that include bedquiline might prevent spread of XDR disease to others in the community.
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A Phage Therapy Guide for Clinicians and Basic Scientists: Background and Highlighting Applications for Developing Countries.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw their respective clinical experience as well as bacteriophage therapy research and clinical trial, and discuss the ways in which phage therapy might reduce the burden of some of the most important bacterial infections in developing countries.
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Different macrophage polarization between drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis

TL;DR: The M2-like polarization of macrophages is associated with MDR- TB/XDR-TB and anti-TB drug regimens including pyrazinamide or a combination of pyraz inamide, prothionamide and cycloserine.
Journal ArticleDOI

Epidemiological aspects of healthcare-associated infections and microbial genomics.

TL;DR: The state of affairs regarding bacterial epidemiology based upon WGS is discussed, its relatedness with the nomenclature of former typing approaches and the continuing need for a global typing language are discussed.
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LncRNA MEG3 control Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection via controlled MiR-145-5p expression and modulation of macrophages proliferation.

TL;DR: MEG3 affects the biological activity of Mtb-infected macrophages by targeting miR-145-5p, which may be the key to the diagnosis and treatment of PTB and even all kinds of tuberculosis in the future.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology.

TL;DR: A novel method based on strain-dependent hybridization patterns of in vitro-amplified DNA with multiple spacer oligonucleotides was found to differentiate M. bovis from M. tuberculosis, a distinction which is often difficult to make by traditional methods.
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Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a standardized technique which exploits variability in both the number and genomic position of IS6110 to generate strain-specific patterns for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Developmental Pharmacology — Drug Disposition, Action, and Therapy in Infants and Children

TL;DR: This review examines the developmental changes that profoundly affect the responses of children to medications and related therapies in the very young.
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa

TL;DR: MDR tuberculosis is more prevalent than previously realised in a rural area in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa and has been transmitted to HIV co-infected patients and is associated with high mortality.
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Detection of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

TL;DR: Substitution of a limited number of highly conserved aminoacids encoded by the rpoB gene appears to be the molecular mechanism responsible for "single step" high-level resistance to rifampicin in M tuberculosis, a marker of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
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How to cure tuberculosis without medicine?

This poses several challenges similar to those encountered in the pre-chemotherapy era, including the inability to cure tuberculosis, high mortality, and the need for alternative methods to prevent disease transmission.