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Journal ArticleDOI

The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis

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TLDR
Several lines of evidence suggest that alternative mechanisms-including pharmacokinetic variability, induction of efflux pumps that transport the drug out of cells, and suboptimal drug penetration into tuberculosis lesions-are likely crucial to the pathogenesis of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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This article is published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.The article was published on 2017-04-01. It has received 461 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Bedaquiline & Delamanid.

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Citations
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Performance Comparison of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and ProbeTec ET Tests for Rapid Molecular Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in a Low TB/MDR-TB Incidence Country.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and ProbeTec ET (PTec-ET) assays was evaluated in diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Kuwait.
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The Roles of Chemokines in Immune Response to Mycobacterial Infection

TL;DR: The roles and mechanisms by which chemokines and their receptors are involved in both host immune protection and pathology during TB infection are focused.
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In vitro activity of bedaquiline against Mycobacterium avium complex.

TL;DR: In this paper, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Bdq for M. avium and M. intracellulare were obtained by twofold serial dilutions in the Middlebrook 7H9 medium.
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Potency of vancomycin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the hollow fiber system model.

TL;DR: In this article, vancomycin was shown to be antagonistic to benzylpenicillin, which works downstream to glycopeptides in peptidoglycan synthesis, but synergistic with d -cycloserine, which inhibits upstream d-Ala-d -Ala ligase and alanine racemase.
References
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Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology.

TL;DR: A novel method based on strain-dependent hybridization patterns of in vitro-amplified DNA with multiple spacer oligonucleotides was found to differentiate M. bovis from M. tuberculosis, a distinction which is often difficult to make by traditional methods.
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Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a standardized technique which exploits variability in both the number and genomic position of IS6110 to generate strain-specific patterns for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Developmental Pharmacology — Drug Disposition, Action, and Therapy in Infants and Children

TL;DR: This review examines the developmental changes that profoundly affect the responses of children to medications and related therapies in the very young.
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa

TL;DR: MDR tuberculosis is more prevalent than previously realised in a rural area in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa and has been transmitted to HIV co-infected patients and is associated with high mortality.
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Detection of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

TL;DR: Substitution of a limited number of highly conserved aminoacids encoded by the rpoB gene appears to be the molecular mechanism responsible for "single step" high-level resistance to rifampicin in M tuberculosis, a marker of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
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How to cure tuberculosis without medicine?

This poses several challenges similar to those encountered in the pre-chemotherapy era, including the inability to cure tuberculosis, high mortality, and the need for alternative methods to prevent disease transmission.