Book ChapterDOI
Xanthine Alkaloids: Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Function in Plants.
Hiroshi Ashihara,Kouichi Mizuno,Takao Yokota,Alan Crozier +3 more
- Vol. 105, pp 1-88
TLDR
The in planta role of caffeine in chemical defense that has been demonstrated using transgenic caffeine-forming tobacco and chrysanthemum plants, which are resistant to attack by pathogens and herbivores are considered.Abstract:
Caffeine is a xanthine alkaloid found in non-alcoholic beverages such as tea, coffee, and cocoa. It was discovered in tea and coffee in the 1820s, but it was not until 2000 that details of molecular events associated with caffeine biosynthesis began to be unraveled. Reviewed are the occurrence of xanthine alkaloids in the plant kingdom and the elucidation of the caffeine biosynthesis pathway, providing details of the N-methyltransferases, belonging to the motif B′ methyltransferase family, which catalyze three steps in the four-step pathway leading from xanthosine to caffeine. Pathways for the metabolism and degradation of xanthine alkaloids are discussed, although as yet the genes and enzymes involved have not been isolated. This chapter also considers the in planta role of caffeine in chemical defense that has been demonstrated using transgenic caffeine-forming tobacco and chrysanthemum plants, which are resistant to attack by pathogens and herbivores. Finally, future research is considered that might lead to the production of naturally decaffeinated beverages and agricultural crops that contain elevated levels of “natural” pesticides.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the recent findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and emphasize their therapeutic potential for the treatment of IBD; obvious improvement of the colonic oxidative and pro-inflammatory status, significant preservation of the epithelial barrier function and positive modulation of the gut microbiota are the underlying mechanisms for the plant derived alkaloid to treat IBD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolomics fingerprint of coffee species determined by untargeted-profiling study using LC-HRMS.
Florence Souard,Florence Souard,Cédric Delporte,Piet Stoffelen,Etienne A. Thévenot,Nausicaa Noret,Bastien Dauvergne,Jean-Michel Kauffmann,Pierre Van Antwerpen,Caroline Stevigny +9 more
TL;DR: A metabolomics approach was implemented to examine leaf chemical composition of 9 Coffea species grown in the same environmental conditions and the identification of several key metabolites for the discrimination between species was further characterized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring plant metabolic genomics: chemical diversity, metabolic complexity in the biosynthesis and transport of specialized metabolites with the tea plant as a model.
TL;DR: This review highlights relevant contexts of metabolic genomics, outstanding questions, and strategies for answering them, to guide future research for genetic improvement of nutrition quality for healthier plant foods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Purine salvage in plants.
TL;DR: Current knowledge of purine salvage pathways and their possible function in plants and purines salvaged activities associated with various physiological phenomena are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Integration of Metabolomics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data to Elucidate the Pathways of Natural Product Metabolism in Medicinal Plants.
TL;DR: Following the advent of novel, high-throughput and cost-effective analytical technologies, the secondary metabolism of medicinal plants can now be examined under the lens of systems biology.
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TL;DR: A map-based, finished quality sequence that covers 95% of the 389 Mb rice genome, including virtually all of the euchromatin and two complete centromeres, and finds evidence for widespread and recurrent gene transfer from the organelles to the nuclear chromosomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
A classification for extant ferns
Alan R. Smith,Kathleen M. Pryer,Eric Schuettpelz,Petra Korall,Petra Korall,Harald Schneider,Paul G. Wolf +6 more
TL;DR: A revised classification for extant ferns is presented, with emphasis on ordinal and familial ranks, and a synopsis of included genera is provided, reflecting recently published phylogenetic hypotheses based on both morphological and molecular data.
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