Bruce S. McEwen

TL;DR: The different effects of estradiol at 6 and 48 h indicate that several mechanisms of estrogen receptor signaling contribute to this female hormone's influence on hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and by further delineating these mechanisms, will better understand and predict the effects of endogenous and exogenous ovarian steroids on mood, cognition, and other hippocampal-dependent behaviors.

TL;DR: Repeated restraint stress produced habituation to acute restraint stress, but not to acute shaking stress, in PVN, raphe and central gray, and in LC, repeated restraint stress caused some habituated to both acute stressors.

TL;DR: Alterations in the fine structure of nuclei of ventromedial hypothalamic neurons in ovariectomized rats after either a 2‐hour exposure to estradiol (E2) or a discontinuous exposure, previously shown sufficient for female rat sexual behavior, were examined with the electron microscope.