Institution
Brown University
Education•Providence, Rhode Island, United States•
About: Brown University is a education organization based out in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 35778 authors who have published 90896 publications receiving 4471489 citations. The organization is also known as: brown.edu & Brown.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, high-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory schemes on two-dimensional unstructured meshes (triangles) in the finite volume formulation were constructed using a combination of linear polynomials.
776 citations
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TL;DR: Bioavailability results and kinetic considerations suggest that 10–20% of ingested low-dose Cr(VI) escapes human gastric inactivation, and the incompleteness of gastric detoxification argue against a threshold in low- dose extrapolation of cancer risk for ingested Cr( VI).
Abstract: Drinking water supplies in many geographic areas contain chromium in the +3 and +6 oxidation states. Public health concerns are centered on the presence of hexavalent Cr that is classified as a known human carcinogen via inhalation. Cr(VI) has high environmental mobility and can originate from anthropogenic and natural sources. Acidic environments with high organic content promote the reduction of Cr(VI) to nontoxic Cr(III). The opposite process of Cr(VI) formation from Cr(III) also occurs, particularly in the presence of common minerals containing Mn(IV) oxides. Limited epidemiological evidence for Cr(VI) ingestion is suggestive of elevated risks for stomach cancers. Exposure of animals to Cr(VI) in drinking water induced tumors in the alimentary tract, with linear and supralinear responses in the mouse small intestine. Chromate, the predominant form of Cr(VI) at neutral pH, is taken up by all cells through sulfate channels and is activated nonenzymatically by ubiquitously present ascorbate and small thi...
775 citations
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Brighton and Sussex Medical School1, Université libre de Bruxelles2, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre3, Federal University of São Paulo4, University of Pittsburgh5, University Hospital of Lausanne6, Brown University7, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research8, University of Amsterdam9, European Medicines Agency10
TL;DR: The understanding of the clinical epidemiology and management of sepsis is set out and how the present approaches might be challenged to develop a new roadmap for future research is asked.
Abstract: Sepsis is a common and lethal syndrome: although outcomes have improved, mortality remains high. No specific anti-sepsis treatments exist; as such, management of patients relies mainly on early recognition allowing correct therapeutic measures to be started rapidly, including administration of appropriate antibiotics, source control measures when necessary, and resuscitation with intravenous fluids and vasoactive drugs when needed. Although substantial developments have been made in the understanding of the basic pathogenesis of sepsis and the complex interplay of host, pathogen, and environment that affect the incidence and course of the disease, sepsis has stubbornly resisted all efforts to successfully develop and then deploy new and improved treatments. Existing models of clinical research seem increasingly unlikely to produce new therapies that will result in a step change in clinical outcomes. In this Commission, we set out our understanding of the clinical epidemiology and management of sepsis and then ask how the present approaches might be challenged to develop a new roadmap for future research.
774 citations
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TL;DR: The characterization of φ of all feedback matrices which decouple the system is characterized to determine the number of closed-loop poles which can be specified for the decoupled system and to develop a synthesis technique for the realization of desired closed- loop pole configurations.
Abstract: Necessary and sufficient conditions for the "decoupling" of an m -input, m -output time-invariant linear system using state variable feedback are determined. Given a system which satisfies these conditions, i.e., which can be decoupled by state variable feedback, the class φ of all feedback matrices which decouple the system is characterized. The characterization of φ is used to determine the number of closed-loop poles which can be specified for the decoupled system and to develop a synthesis technique for the realization of desired closed-loop pole configurations. Transfer matrix consequences of decoupling are examined and practice implications discussed through numerical examples.
774 citations
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TL;DR: Micro studies of the adoption of new technologies and the use of inputs complementary with new technologies are reviewed to shed light on the barriers to technology diffusion in low-income countries.
Abstract: Differences in technology levels across countries account for a large component of the differences in wages and per-capita GDP across countries worldwide. This article reviews micro studies of the adoption of new technologies and the use of inputs complementary with new technologies to shed light on the barriers to technology diffusion in low-income countries. Among the factors examined affecting decisions pertaining to technology choice and input allocations are the financial and nonfinancial returns to adoption, one's own learning and social learning, technological externalities, scale economies, schooling, credit constraints, risk and incomplete insurance, and departures from behavioral rules implied by simple models of rationality.
774 citations
Authors
Showing all 36143 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Joan Massagué | 189 | 408 | 149951 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Gonçalo R. Abecasis | 179 | 595 | 230323 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Charles M. Lieber | 165 | 521 | 132811 |
J. S. Lange | 160 | 2083 | 145919 |
Christopher J. O'Donnell | 159 | 869 | 126278 |
Charles M. Perou | 156 | 573 | 202951 |
David J. Mooney | 156 | 695 | 94172 |
Richard J. Davidson | 156 | 602 | 91414 |