Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

About: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati is a education organization based out in Guwahati, Assam, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Computer science. The organization has 6933 authors who have published 17102 publications receiving 257351 citations.

Antioxidant activity and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producing ability of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum DM5 isolated from Marcha of Sikkim

Abstract: A probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum DM5 isolated from fermented beverage Marcha of Sikkim displayed antioxidant properties. The antioxidant properties of L. plantarum DM5 were compared with L. plantarum NRRL B-4496 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NRRL B-4495. A concentration of 10 10 CFU/ml of L. plantarum DM5 demonstrated the hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH scavenging activities of 49%, 48%, and 55%, respectively and reducing activity of 149 μM (cysteine equivalents). Comparative analysis L. plantarum DM5 exhibited 38% and 20% higher hydroxyl radical, 31% and 22% higher superoxide anion radical, 43% and 33% higher DPPH scavenging activities than L. plantarum and L. acidophilus , respectively. Probiotic L. plantarum DM5 has the ability to produce bioactive γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian brain. It also possessed the ability to multiply in MRS medium containing abundant hydrogen peroxide (1 mM) and exhibited 20% inhibition rates of ascorbate autoxidation at 10 10 CFU/ml. These findings suggested that L. plantarum DM5 has the potential to protect the oxidative damage mediated by the reactive oxygen species and can act as an antioxidative probiotic.

Measurement of the decay B →dℓνℓ in fully reconstructed events and determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vcb |

Abstract: We present a determination of the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element vertical bar V-cb vertical bar using the decay B -> Dl nu(l) (l = e,mu) based on 711 fb(-1) of e(+)e(-) -> Upsilon(4S) data recorded by the Belle detector and containing 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs. One B meson in the event is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode, while the other, on the signal side, is partially reconstructed from a charged lepton and either a D+ or D-0 meson in a total of 23 hadronic decay modes. The isospin-averaged branching fraction of the decay B -> Dl nu(l) is found to be B(B-0 -> D(-)l(vertical bar)nu(l)) = (2.31 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.11(syst))%. Analyzing the differential decay rate as a function of the hadronic recoil with the parametrization of Caprini, Lellouch, and Neubert and using the form-factor prediction G(1) = 1.0541 +/- 0.0083 calculated by FNAL/MILC, we obtain eta(EW)vertical bar V-cb vertical bar = (40.12 +/- 1.34) x 10(-3), where eta(EW) is the electroweak correction factor. Alternatively, assuming the model-independent form-factor parametrization of Boyd, Grinstein, and Lebed and using lattice QCD data from the FNAL/MILC and HPQCD collaborations, we find eta(EW)vertical bar V-cb vertical bar = (41.10 +/- 1.14) x 10(-3).

Inflammation, a Double-Edge Sword for Cancer and Other Age-Related Diseases

Abstract: Increasing evidence from diverse sources during the past several years has indicated that long-term, low level, chronic inflammation mediates several chronic diseases including cancer, arthritis, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. The inflammatory molecules and transcription factors, adhesion molecules, AP-1, chemokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukins (ILs), 5-lipooxygenase (5-LOX), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), nuclear factor (NF)-kB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are molecular links between inflammation and chronic diseases. Thus, suppression of inflammatory molecules could be potential strategy for the prevention and therapy of chronic diseases. The currently available drugs against chronic diseases are highly expensive, minimally effective and produce several side effects when taken for long period of time. The focus of this review is to discuss the potential of nutraceuticals derived from "Mother Nature" such as apigenin, catechins, curcumin, ellagic acid, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate, escin, fisetin, flavopiridol, genistein, isoliquiritigenin, kaempferol, mangostin, morin, myricetin, naringenin, resveratrol, silymarin, vitexin, and xanthohumol in suppression of these inflammatory pathways. Thus, these nutraceuticals offer potential in preventing or delaying the onset of chronic diseases. We provide evidence for the potential of these nutraceuticals from pre-clinical and clinical studies.