Linköping University

About: Linköping University is a education organization based out in Linköping, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 15671 authors who have published 50013 publications receiving 1542189 citations.

Organic electronics for precise delivery of neurotransmitters to modulate mammalian sensory function.

Abstract: Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the pathophysiology, molecular targets and therapies for the treatment of a variety of nervous-system disorders. Particular therapies involve electrical sensing and stimulation of neural activity, and significant effort has therefore been devoted to the refinement of neural electrodes. However, direct electrical interfacing suffers from some inherent problems, such as the inability to discriminate amongst cell types. Thus, there is a need for novel devices to specifically interface nerve cells. Here, we demonstrate an organic electronic device capable of precisely delivering neurotransmitters in vitro and in vivo. In converting electronic addressing into delivery of neurotransmitters, the device mimics the nerve synapse. Using the peripheral auditory system, we show that out of a diverse population of cells, the device can selectively stimulate nerve cells responding to a specific neurotransmitter. This is achieved by precise electronic control of electrophoretic migration through a polymer film. This mechanism provides several sought-after features for regulation of cell signalling: exact dosage determination through electrochemical relationships, minimally disruptive delivery due to lack of fluid flow, and on-off switching. This technology has great potential as a therapeutic platform and could help accelerate the development of therapeutic strategies for nervous-system disorders.

An energy efficient Swedish pulp and paper industry – exploring barriers to and driving forces for cost-effective energy efficiency investments

Abstract: Despite the need for increased industrial energy efficiency, studies indicate that cost-effective energy efficiency measures are not always implemented, which is explained by the existence of barri ...

Room-temperature spintronic effects in Alq3-based hybrid devices

Abstract: We report on efficient spin polarized injection and transport in long (102 nm) channels of Alq3 organic semiconductor. We employ vertical spin valve devices with a direct interface between the bottom manganite electrode and Alq3, while the top-electrode geometry consists of an insulating tunnel barrier placed between the “soft” organic semiconductor and the top Co electrode. This solution reduces the ubiquitous problem of the so-called ill-defined layer caused by metal penetration, which extends into the organic layer up to distances of about 50–100 nm and prevents the realization of devices with well-defined geometry. For our devices the thickness is defined with an accuracy of about 2.5 nm, which is near the Alq3 molecular size. We demonstrate efficient spin injection at both interfaces in devices with 100- and 200-nm-thick channels. We solve one of the most controversial problems of organic spintronics: the temperature limitations for spin transport in Alq3-based devices. We clarify this issue by achieving room-temperature spin valve operation through the improvement of spin injection properties of both ferromagnetic/Alq3 interfaces. In addition, we discuss the nature of the inverse sign of the spin valve effect in such devices proposing a mechanism for spin transport.

Fast calculation of gain matrices for recursive estimation schemes

Abstract: A sequence of vectors {x(t)} with dimension N is given, such that x(t+1) is obtained from x(t) by introducing p new elements, deleting p old ones, and shifting the others in some fashion. The sequence of vectors $ is sought. This paper presents a method of calculating these vectors with proportional-to-Np operations and memory locations, in contrast to the conventional way which requires proportional-to-N 2 operations and memory locations. A non-symmetric case is also treated.

Genetics and clinical characteristics of hereditary pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas

Abstract: Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors of the adrenal glands and the sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia. They can occur sporadically or as a part of different hereditary tumor syndromes. About 30% of PCCs and PGLs are currently believed to be caused by germline mutations and several novel susceptibility genes have recently been discovered. The clinical presentation, including localization, malignant potential, and age of onset, varies depending on the genetic background of the tumors. By reviewing more than 1700 reported cases of hereditary PCC and PGL, a thorough summary of the genetics and clinical features of these tumors is given, both as part of the classical syndromes such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), von Hippel-Lindau disease, neurofibromatosis type 1, and succinate dehydrogenase-related PCC-PGL and within syndromes associated with a smaller fraction of PCCs/PGLs, such as Carney triad, Carney-Stratakis syndrome, and MEN1. The review also covers the most recently discovered susceptibility genes including KIF1Bβ, EGLN1/PHD2, SDHAF2, TMEM127, SDHA, and MAX, as well as a comparison with the sporadic form. Further, the latest advances in elucidating the cellular pathways involved in PCC and PGL development are discussed in detail. Finally, an algorithm for genetic testing in patients with PCC and PGL is proposed.