Mississippi State University

About: Mississippi State University is a education organization based out in Starkville, Mississippi, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catfish. The organization has 14115 authors who have published 28594 publications receiving 700030 citations. The organization is also known as: The Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science & Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science.

Mechanosensation of Cyclical Force by PIEZO1 is Essential for Innate Immunity

Abstract: Direct recognition of invading pathogens by innate immune cells is a critical driver of the inflammatory response. However, cells of the innate immune system can also sense their local microenvironment and respond to physiological fluctuations in temperature, pH, oxygen and nutrient availability, which are altered during inflammation. Although cells of the immune system experience force and pressure throughout their life cycle, little is known about how these mechanical processes regulate the immune response. Here we show that cyclical hydrostatic pressure, similar to that experienced by immune cells in the lung, initiates an inflammatory response via the mechanically activated ion channel PIEZO1. Mice lacking PIEZO1 in innate immune cells showed ablated pulmonary inflammation in the context of bacterial infection or fibrotic autoinflammation. Our results reveal an environmental sensory axis that stimulates innate immune cells to mount an inflammatory response, and demonstrate a physiological role for PIEZO1 and mechanosensation in immunity.

Nontraditional activities and the efficiency of US commercial banks

Abstract: In recent years, an increasing portion of bank income has been generated through nontraditional activities. Most studies of bank efficiency do not include any measure of nontraditional activities when measuring outputs. In this paper, cost, revenue, and profit efficiency are estimated by using models with and without nontraditional output. The results suggest that the standard model which omits nontraditional output understates bank efficiency. Evidence also surfaces that based on efficiency, the relative ranking of individual banks changes when nontraditional activities are included as a type of output.