Mississippi State University

About: Mississippi State University is a education organization based out in Starkville, Mississippi, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catfish. The organization has 14115 authors who have published 28594 publications receiving 700030 citations. The organization is also known as: The Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science & Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science.

Badges to Acknowledge Open Practices: A Simple, Low-Cost, Effective Method for Increasing Transparency

Abstract: Beginning January 2014, Psychological Science gave authors the opportunity to signal open data and materials if they qualified for badges that accompanied published articles. Before badges, less than 3% of Psychological Science articles reported open data. After badges, 23% reported open data, with an accelerating trend; 39% reported open data in the first half of 2015, an increase of more than an order of magnitude from baseline. There was no change over time in the low rates of data sharing among comparison journals. Moreover, reporting openness does not guarantee openness. When badges were earned, reportedly available data were more likely to be actually available, correct, usable, and complete than when badges were not earned. Open materials also increased to a weaker degree, and there was more variability among comparison journals. Badges are simple, effective signals to promote open practices and improve preservation of data and materials by using independent repositories.

Outstanding Challenges in the Transferability of Ecological Models.

Abstract: Predictive models are central to many scientific disciplines and vital for informing management in a rapidly changing world However, limited understanding of the accuracy and precision of models transferred to novel conditions (their ‘transferability’) undermines confidence in their predictions Here, 50 experts identified priority knowledge gaps which, if filled, will most improve model transfers These are summarized into six technical and six fundamental challenges, which underlie the combined need to intensify research on the determinants of ecological predictability, including species traits and data quality, and develop best practices for transferring models Of high importance is the identification of a widely applicable set of transferability metrics, with appropriate tools to quantify the sources and impacts of prediction uncertainty under novel conditions

Potential use of chitosan as a cell scaffold material for cartilage tissue engineering.

Abstract: One of the most important factors in any tissue-engineering application is the cell substrate. The purpose of this study was the initial evaluation of chitosan, a derivative of the abundant, naturally occurring biopolymer chitin, as a cell scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. Chitosan scaffolds having an interconnecting porous structure were easily fabricated by simple freezing and lyophilization of a chitosan solution. After rehydration of scaffolds, porcine chondrocytes were seeded onto scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days in a rotating-wall bioreactor. Chitosan scaffolds supported cell attachment and maintenance of a rounded cell morphology. After 18 days, cells within the scaffolds had synthesized extracellular matrix in which proteoglycan and type II collagen were detected by toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Abundant extracellular matrix was found almost exclusively in the periphery of the scaffolds, as scaffold microstructure prevented cells from penetrating to interior regions. Nonetheless, the results suggest that chitosan scaffolds may be a useful alternative to synthetic cell scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

Work-family conflict: A model of linkages between work and family domain variables and turnover intentions.

Abstract: Researchers have studied many outcome variables of work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC), such as depression (Frone et al., 1992a), family satisfaction (Beutell and Wittig-Berman, 1999), heavy alcohol use (Frone et al., 1996), and job satisfaction (Netemeyer et al., 1996). However, relatively few have specifically examined withdrawal. While intention to quit (Burke, 1988; Netemeyer et al., 1996) and absenteeism (Goff et al., 1990) have been linked to WFC, there is some question about the generalizability of current findings. For instance, Burke (1988) used a global measure of work-family conflict and Netemeyer et al. (1996) only considered correlations. The purpose of this study is to address these issues by testing a model of work and family variables leading to conflict and, ultimately, turnover intentions. Gaps in the Research Work-family conflict is a form of interrole conflict that occurs when pressures associated with membership in one role interferes with membership in another (Kahn et al., 1964). It is defined as "a form of interrole conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect" (Greenhaus and Beutell, 1985: 77). Research in the area of work-family conflict, while informative, still has shortcomings that have yet to be addressed. In order to advance this stream of research, more consistency in the literature is needed. Comparisons between studies are still limited because some researchers continue to use a global measure of work-family conflict rather than two separate variables. The following section details important gaps in the literature that will be addressed in the current study. First, researchers have shown that WFC and FWC are distinct constructs with discriminant validity (e.g., Gutek et al., 1991; Kossek and Ozeki, 1998; Netemeyer et al., 1996). While some researchers have adopted the use of two independent measures to capture work interfering with family conflict (WFC) and family interfering with work conflict (FWC) (e.g., Carlson et al., 2000; Frone et al., 1992a; Frone et al., 1996; Gutek et al., 1991; Netemeyer et al., 1996), recently published research continues to use a global measure of work-family conflict (e.g., Carlson and Perrewe, 1999; Greenhaus et al., 1997; Parasuraman and Simmers, 2001; Yang et al., 2000). By measuring WFC and FWC separately, we have the opportunity to see how work domain variables influence WFC and how family domain variables influence FWC (Frone et al., 1996; Gutek et al., 1991; Kossek and Ozeki, 1998). Second, few studies examine full measurement models. Work-family conflict studies using structural equation modeling often consider a structural model and use summated scales (see Carlson and Kacmar, 2000). These methods only estimate error; they do not model all of the theorized relationships (i.e., observed and latent). By creating an average of the latent construct, they are creating a single manifest indicator. Using a full measurement model and structural model is more rigorous and accounts for measurement error above and beyond a structural model and is the recommended approach (Anderson and Gerbing, 1988). Further, simultaneously assessing the measurement and structural models provides a more thorough assessment of construct validity (Bentler, 1978). It also allows for the opportunity to use the preferred two-step modeling approach (Anderson and Gerbing, 1988). By first confirming the measurement model in evaluating a priori relationships, theory can be tested and confirmed in the second step (Anderson and Gerbing, 1988). We estimate and fix the measurement and test the structural model in the interest of using this two-step approach. Third, a large number of studies have followed the suggestions of researchers (i.e., Frone et al., 1992a; Kopelman et al., 1983) to consider only a subgroup (e.g., those married or having children) of the population of workers (Greenhaus et al. …