Mississippi State University

About: Mississippi State University is a education organization based out in Starkville, Mississippi, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catfish. The organization has 14115 authors who have published 28594 publications receiving 700030 citations. The organization is also known as: The Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science & Mississippi State University of Agriculture and Applied Science.

Measurements of electron-proton elastic cross sections for 0.4 < Q(2) < 5.5 (GeV/c)(2)

Abstract: We report on precision measurements of the elastic cross section for electron-proton scattering performed in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. The measurements were made at 28 distinct kinematic settings covering a range in momentum transfer of 0.4

A Comparative Thermodynamic and Experimental Analysis on Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Glycerin

Abstract: Glycerin production has soared with the increase in biodiesel production in recent years. One possibility of using this excess glycerin is in hydrogen production. Steam reforming of glycerin for hydrogen production involves complex reactions. As a result, several intermediate byproducts are formed and end up in the product stream, affecting the final purity of the hydrogen produced. Furthermore, the yield of the hydrogen depends upon several process variables, such as the temperature, ratio of reactants, and system pressure. In this study, a thermodynamic equilibrium analysis coupled with experimentation has been performed for the steam-reforming process of glycerin over the following variable ranges: pressure of 1−5 atm, temperature of 600−1000 K, and water/glycerin feed ratio of 1:1−9:1. The equilibrium concentrations of different compounds were calculated by the method of direct minimization of the Gibbs free energy. The study revealed that the best conditions for producing hydrogen are as follows: t...

Immune Responses Regulated by Cannabidiol.

Abstract: Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) as Epidiolex® (GW Pharmaceuticals) was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat rare forms of epilepsy in patients 2 years of age and older. Together with the increased societal acceptance of recreational cannabis and CBD oil for putative medical use in many states, the exposure to CBD is increasing, even though all of its biological effects are not understood. Once such example is the ability of CBD to be anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive, so the purpose of this review is to summarize effects and mechanisms of CBD in the immune system. It includes a consideration of reports identifying receptors through which CBD acts, since the "CBD receptor," if a single one exists, has not been definitively identified for the myriad immune system effects. The review then provides a summary of in vivo and in vitro effects in the immune system, in autoimmune models, with a focus on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and ends with identification of knowledge gaps. Conclusion: Overall, the data overwhelmingly support the notion that CBD is immune suppressive and that the mechanisms involve direct suppression of activation of various immune cell types, induction of apoptosis, and promotion of regulatory cells, which, in turn, control other immune cell targets.

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Partitiviridae.

Abstract: The Partitiviridae is a family of small, isometric, non-enveloped viruses with bisegmented double-stranded (ds) RNA genomes of 3–4.8 kbp. The two genome segments are individually encapsidated. The family has five genera, with characteristic hosts for members of each genus: either plants or fungi for genera Alphapartitivirus and Betapartitivirus, fungi for genus Gammapartitivirus, plants for genus Deltapartitivirus and protozoa for genus Cryspovirus. Partitiviruses are transmitted intracellularly via seeds (plants), oocysts (protozoa) or hyphal anastomosis, cell division and sporogenesis (fungi); there are no known natural vectors. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Partitiviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/partitiviridae.

Human carboxylesterases and their role in xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism.

Abstract: Carboxylesterases (CEs) are traditionally regarded as xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes that hydrolyze esterified xenobiotics to alcohol and carboxylic acid products. However, there is a growing appreciation for the role of CEs in the processing of endobiotics, including cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols. Human liver microsomes (HLMs) are often used in reaction phenotyping studies to discern interindividual variability in xenobiotic metabolism. The two major CE isoforms expressed in human liver are hCE1 and hCE2. These two isoforms are different gene products. We have begun studies to evaluate the CE phenotype'' of human liver samples, i.e. to determine both the levels of hCE1 and hCE2 protein and the hydrolytic activity of each. We have previously shown that there is little variation in hCE1 protein expression in HLM samples from 11 individuals [a 1.3-fold difference between the highest and lowest individuals; coefficient of variation (CV), 9%]. hCE2 protein expression in individual HLMs is only slightly more variable than hCE1 (2.3-fold difference between the highest and lowest individuals; CV, 36%). However, hCE1 protein is found in 46-fold higher amounts in HLMs than hCE2 protein (64.4 +/- 16.5 microg hCE1/mg microsomal protein compared to 1.4 +/- 0.2 microg hCE2/mg microsomal protein). The hydrolytic activity specifically attributable to hCE1 and hCE2 in individual HLMs was measured using bioresmethrin (a pyrethroid insecticide hydrolyzed specifically by hCE1, but not by hCE2) and procaine (an analgesic drug hydrolyzed by hCE2, but not by hCE1). The hydrolytic activity of individual HLMs toward bioresmethrin and procaine did not correlate with the protein content of hCE1 and hCE2. Thus, the mere abundance of CE proteins is not a good predictor of CE activity in HLMs. Identification of the factors that lead to altered CE activities in HLMs will be important to characterize since several pharmaceutical agents, environmental toxicants, and endobiotics are metabolized by these enzymes.