Institution
Monash University
Education•Melbourne, Victoria, Australia•
About: Monash University is a education organization based out in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 35920 authors who have published 100681 publications receiving 3027002 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The findings are suggestive of a modest relationship between obesity (particularly severe obesity) and emotional disorders among women in the general population, and may indicate a need for a research and clinical focus on the psychological heterogeneity of the obese population.
Abstract: (1) To investigate whether there is an association between obesity and mental disorders in the general populations of diverse countries, and (2) to establish whether demographic variables (sex, age, education) moderate any associations observed. Thirteen cross-sectional, general population surveys conducted as part of the World Mental Health Surveys initiative. Household residing adults, 18 years and over (n=62 277). DSM-IV mental disorders (anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, alcohol use disorders) were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), a fully structured diagnostic interview. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater; severe obesity as BMI 35+. Persons with BMI less than 18.5 were excluded from analysis. Height and weight were self-reported. Statistically significant, albeit modest associations (odds ratios generally in the range of 1.2–1.5) were observed between obesity and depressive disorders, and between obesity and anxiety disorders, in pooled data across countries. These associations were concentrated among those with severe obesity, and among females. Age and education had variable effects across depressive and anxiety disorders. The findings are suggestive of a modest relationship between obesity (particularly severe obesity) and emotional disorders among women in the general population. The study is limited by the self-report of BMI and cannot clarify the direction or nature of the relationship observed, but it may indicate a need for a research and clinical focus on the psychological heterogeneity of the obese population.
437 citations
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TL;DR: This guide reviews what is known about educational and clinical supervision practice through a literature review and a questionnaire survey and identifies the need for a definition and for explicit guidelines on supervision.
Abstract: Background: This guide reviews what is known about educational and clinical supervision practice through a literature review and a questionnaire survey It identifies the need for a definition and for explicit guidelines on supervision There is strong evidence that, whilst supervision is considered to be both important and effective, practice is highly variable In some cases, there is inadequate coverage and frequency of supervision activities There is particular concern about lack of supervision for emergency and ‘out of hours work’, failure to formally address under-performance, lack of commitment to supervision and finding sufficient time for supervision There is a need for an effective system to address both poor performance and inadequate supervision Supervision is defined, in this guide as: ‘The provision of guidance and feedback on matters of personal, professional and educational development in the context of a trainee’s experience of providing safe and appropriate patient care’ A framework for effective supervision is provided: (1) Effective supervision should be offered in context; supervisors must be aware of local postgraduate training bodies’ and institutions’ requirements; (2) Direct supervision with trainee and supervisor working together and observing each other positively affects patient outcome and trainee development; (3) Constructive feedback is essential and should be frequent; (4) Supervision should be structured and there should be regular timetabled meetings The content of supervision meetings should be agreed and learning objectives determined at the beginning of the supervisory relationship Supervision contracts can be useful tools and should include detail regarding frequency, duration and content of supervision; appraisal and assessment; learning objectives and any specific requirements; (5) Supervision should include clinical management; teaching and research; management and administration; pastoral care; interpersonal skills; personal development; reflection; (6) The quality of the supervisory relationship strongly affects the effectiveness of supervision Specific aspects include continuity over time in the supervisory relationship, that the supervisees control the product of supervision (there is some suggestion that supervision is only effective when this is the case) and that there is some reflection by both participants The relationship is partly influenced by the supervisor’s commitment to teaching as well as both the attitudes and commitment of supervisor and trainee; (7) Training for supervisors needs to include some of the following: understanding teaching; assessment; counselling skills; appraisal; feedback; careers advice; interpersonal skills Supervisors (and trainees) need to understand that: (1) helpful supervisory behaviours include giving direct guidance on clinical work, linking theory and practice, engaging in joint problem-solving and offering feedback, reassurance and providing role models; (2) ineffective supervisory behaviours include rigidity; low empathy; failure to offer support; failure to follow supervisees’ concerns; not teaching; being indirect and intolerant and emphasizing evaluation and negative aspects; (3) in addition to supervisory skills, effective supervisors need to have good interpersonal skills, good teaching skills and be clinically competent and knowledgeable
437 citations
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University of Oxford1, University of Leicester2, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio3, Duke University4, Novartis5, Moscow State University6, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill7, University College Cork8, Federal University of São Paulo9, National Taiwan University10, The Chinese University of Hong Kong11, Veterans Health Administration12, University of California, San Francisco13, University of Bern14, University of California, San Diego15, Tulane University16, University of Sydney17, Medical University of Warsaw18, Harvard University19, Istanbul University20, University of Oslo21, University of Washington22, Monash University23, University of Eastern Finland24, University of Toronto25, University of Cape Town26, National University of Cordoba27, University of Illinois at Chicago28, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center29, Massachusetts Institute of Technology30, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens31, Utrecht University32, Umeå University33, Dresden University of Technology34, University of Liège35, Aarhus University36, University of Buenos Aires37, Masaryk University38, University of Copenhagen39, Semmelweis University40, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research41, University of Helsinki42
TL;DR: Among persons with impaired glucose tolerance and established cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors, assignment to nateglinide for 5 years did not reduce the incidence of diabetes or the coprimary composite cardiovascular outcomes.
Abstract: After adjustment for multiple testing, nateglinide, as compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce the cumulative incidence of diabetes (36% and 34%, respectively; hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.15; P = 0.05), the core composite cardiovascular outcome (7.9% and 8.3%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.94, 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.09; P = 0.43), or the extended composite cardiovascular outcome (14.2% and 15.2%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.93, 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.03; P = 0.16). Nateglinide did, however, increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Conclusions Among persons with impaired glucose tolerance and established cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors, assignment to nateglinide for 5 years did not reduce the incidence of diabetes or the coprimary composite cardiovascular outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00097786.)
436 citations
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TL;DR: Optimisation of maternal health and early childhood nutrition could attenuate this programming cycle and reduce the global burden of hypertension and kidney disease in the future.
436 citations
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University of London1, Monash University2, University of Queensland3, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research4, Shanghai Jiao Tong University5, Anhui Medical University6, Queensland University of Technology7, University of São Paulo8, University of Ottawa9, University of Los Andes10, Fudan University11, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic12, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague13, Oulu University Hospital14, University of Oulu15, Dublin Institute of Technology16, Brunel University London17, Nagasaki University18, University of Tsukuba19, Kyoto University20, Seoul National University21, Spanish National Research Council22, University of Valencia23, Umeå University24, Lund University25, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute26, University of Basel27, National Taiwan University28, Harvard University29, Yale University30, Ho Chi Minh City Medicine and Pharmacy University31, Duy Tan University32, Public Health England33
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that climate change can directly affect human health by varying exposure to non-optimal outdoor temperature, however, evidence on this direct impact at a global scale is limited.
436 citations
Authors
Showing all 36568 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Kenneth W. Kinzler | 215 | 640 | 243944 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Yang Yang | 171 | 2644 | 153049 |
Lei Jiang | 170 | 2244 | 135205 |
Dongyuan Zhao | 160 | 872 | 106451 |
Christopher J. O'Donnell | 159 | 869 | 126278 |
Leif Groop | 158 | 919 | 136056 |
Mark E. Cooper | 158 | 1463 | 124887 |
Theo Vos | 156 | 502 | 186409 |
Mark J. Smyth | 153 | 713 | 88783 |
Rinaldo Bellomo | 147 | 1714 | 120052 |
Detlef Weigel | 142 | 516 | 84670 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |