University of Iceland

About: University of Iceland is a education organization based out in Reykjavik, Suðurnes, Iceland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genome-wide association study. The organization has 5423 authors who have published 16199 publications receiving 694762 citations. The organization is also known as: Háskóli Íslands.

Optical circuits based on polariton neurons in semiconductor microcavities.

Abstract: By exploiting the polarization multistability of polaritons, we show that polarized signals can be conducted in the plane of a semiconductor microcavity along controlled channels or "neurons." Furthermore, because of the interaction of polaritons with opposite spins it is possible to realize binary logic gates operating on the polarization degree of freedom. Multiple gates can be integrated together to form an optical circuit contained in a single semiconductor microcavity.

Change of Diet of the Greenland Vikings Determined from Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis and 14C Dating of Their Bones

Abstract: Bone samples from the Greenland Viking colony provide us with a unique opportunity to test and use (super 14) C dating of remains of humans who depended upon food of mixed marine and terrestrial origin. We investigated the skeletons of 27 Greenland Norse people excavated from churchyard burials from the late 10th to the middle 15th century. The stable carbon isotopic composition (delta (super 13) C) of the bone collagen reveals that the diet of the Greenland Norse changed dramatically from predominantly terrestrial food at the time of Eric the Red around AD 1000 to predominantly marine food toward the end of the settlement period around AD 1450. We find that it is possible to (super 14) C-date these bones of mixed marine and terrestrial origin precisely when proper correction for the marine reservoir effect (the (super 14) C age difference between terrestrial and marine organisms) is taken into account. From the dietary information obtained via the delta (super 13) C values of the bones we have calculated individual reservoir age corrections for the measured (super 14) C ages of each skeleton. The reservoir age corrections were calibrated by comparing the (super 14) C dates of 3 highly marine skeletons with the (super 14) C dates of their terrestrial grave clothes. The calibrated ages of all 27 skeletons from different parts of the Norse settlement obtained by this method are found to be consistent with available historical and archaeological chronology. The evidence for a change in subsistence from terrestrial to marine food is an important clue to the old puzzle of the disappearance of the Greenland Norse, obtained here for the first time by measurements on the remains of the people themselves instead of by more indirect methods like kitchen-midden analysis.

Biosocial becomings : integrating social and biological anthropology

Abstract: Preface 1. Prospect Tim Ingold 2. Ensembles of biosocial relations Gisli Palsson 3. Blurring the biological and social in human becomings Agustin Fuentes 4. Life-in-the-making: epigenesis, biocultural environments and human becomings Eugenia Ramirez-Goicoechea 5. Thalassemic lives as stories of becoming: mediated biologies and genetic (un)certainties Aglaia Chatjouli 6. Shedding our selves: perspectivism, the bounded subject and the nature-culture divide Noa Vaisman 7. Reflections on a collective brain at work: one week in the working life of an NGO-team in urban Marocco Barbara Elisabeth Gotsch 8. The habits of water: marginality and the sacralization of non-humans in North-Eastern Ghana Gaetano Mangiameli 9. 'Bringing wood to life': lines, flows and materials in a Swazi sawmill Vito Laterza, Bob Forrester and Patience Mususa 10. Humanity and life as the perpetual maintenance of specific efforts: a reappraisal of animism Istvan Praet 11. Ravelling/unravelling: being-in-the-world and falling-out-of-the-world Hayder Al-Mohammad 12. Retrospect Gisli Palsson Notes on the contributors References Index.