Institution
University of Lausanne
Education•Lausanne, Switzerland•
About: University of Lausanne is a education organization based out in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 20508 authors who have published 46458 publications receiving 1996655 citations. The organization is also known as: Université de Lausanne & UNIL.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Context (language use), Gene, Immune system
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The role of inflammasomes and inflammatory caspases in innate immunity against pathogens, autoinflammatory syndromes and in the biology of reproduction is highlighted, underlining the importance of the NLR family members, NALPs, NAIP and IPAF.
Abstract: Fifteen years have passed since the cloning and characterization of the interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE/caspase-1), the first identified member of a family of proteases currently known as caspases. Caspase-1 is the prototypical member of a subclass of caspases involved in cytokine maturation termed inflammatory caspases that also include caspase-4 caspase -5, caspase -11 and caspase -12. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of these proteases have uncovered an important role for the NLR family members, NALPs, NAIP and IPAF. These proteins promote the assembly of multiprotein complexes termed inflammasomes, which are required for activation of inflammatory caspases. This article will review some evolutionary aspects, biochemical evidences and genetic studies, underlining the role of inflammasomes and inflammatory caspases in innate immunity against pathogens, autoinflammatory syndromes and in the biology of reproduction.
753 citations
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TL;DR: Gene-based analyses identified further biologically plausible loci, suggesting that additional loci beyond those reaching genome-wide significance are likely to represent real associations and further functional analysis of these newly discovered loci will further improve the understanding of glycemic control.
Abstract: Through genome-wide association meta-analyses of up to 133,010 individuals of European ancestry without diabetes, including individuals newly genotyped using the Metabochip, we have increased the number of confirmed loci influencing glycemic traits to 53, of which 33 also increase type 2 diabetes risk (q < 0.05). Loci influencing fasting insulin concentration showed association with lipid levels and fat distribution, suggesting impact on insulin resistance. Gene-based analyses identified further biologically plausible loci, suggesting that additional loci beyond those reaching genome-wide significance are likely to represent real associations. This conclusion is supported by an excess of directionally consistent and nominally significant signals between discovery and follow-up studies. Functional analysis of these newly discovered loci will further improve our understanding of glycemic control.
753 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the nature of interactions through quorum-sensing chemicals does not simply involve cooperative signals, but entails other interactions such as cues and chemical manipulations that might have a role in conflicts within and between species.
Abstract: Individual bacteria can alter their behaviour through chemical interactions between organisms in microbial communities - this is generally referred to as quorum sensing. Frequently, these interactions are interpreted in terms of communication to mediate coordinated, multicellular behaviour. We show that the nature of interactions through quorum-sensing chemicals does not simply involve cooperative signals, but entails other interactions such as cues and chemical manipulations. These signals might have a role in conflicts within and between species. The nature of the chemical interaction is important to take into account when studying why and how bacteria react to the chemical substances that are produced by other bacteria.
753 citations
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Imperial College London1, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust2, University of Western Australia3, Queensland University of Technology4, St. Vincent's Health System5, University of New South Wales6, Charles University in Prague7, University of Paris8, French Institute of Health and Medical Research9, Max Planck Society10, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich11, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens12, University of Massachusetts Boston13, University of Hong Kong14, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland15, University of Palermo16, Kanazawa University17, University of Fukui18, Tokyo Medical and Dental University19, Dokkyo Medical University20, Maastricht University21, Rikshospitalet–Radiumhospitalet22, Tan Tock Seng Hospital23, Autonomous University of Barcelona24, Linköping University25, University of Lausanne26, National Cheng Kung University27, University of Leeds28, University of Edinburgh29, University of Birmingham30, AstraZeneca31, University of Glasgow32, University of Manchester33, Cancer Research UK34, Yale University35, Brown University36, University of Pittsburgh37, Vanderbilt University38, Yeshiva University39, Military Medical Academy40
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the Kirsten ras (Ki-ras) tumour genotype and outcome of patients with colorectal cancer was investigated using a multivariate analysis.
Abstract: Researchers worldwide with information about the Kirsten ras (Ki-ras) tumour genotype and outcome of patients with colorectal cancer were invited to provide that data in a schematized format for inclusion in a collaborative database called RASCAL (The Kirsten ras incolorectal-cancer collaborative group). Our results from 2721 such patients have been presented previously and for the first time in any common cancer, showed conclusively that different gene mutations have different impacts on outcome, even when the mutations occur at the same site on the genome. To explore the effect of Ki-ras mutations at different stages of colorectal cancer, more patients were recruited to the database, which was reanalysed when information on 4268 patients from 42 centres in 21 countries had been entered. After predetermined exclusion criteria were applied, data on 3439 patients were entered into a multivariate analysis. This found that of the 12 possible mutations on codons 12 and 13 of Kirsten ras, only one mutation on codon 12, glycine to valine, found in 8.6% of all patients, had a statistically significant impact on failure-free survival (P=0.004, HR 1.3) and overall survival (P=0.008, HR 1.29). This mutation appeared to have a greater impact on outcome in Dukes' C cancers (failure-free survival, P=0.008, HR 1.5, overall survival P=0.02, HR 1.45) than in Dukes' B tumours (failure-free survival, P=0.46, HR 1.12, overall survival P=0.36, HR 1.15). Ki-ras mutations may occur early in the development of pre-cancerous adenomas in the colon and rectum. However, this collaborative study suggests that not only is the presence of a codon 12 glycine to valine mutation important for cancer progression but also that it may predispose to more aggressive biological behaviour in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. ⌐ 2001 Cancer Research Campaign.
753 citations
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University of Lausanne1, University of Helsinki2, Harvard University3, King's College London4, Columbia University5, Imperial College London6, University of Porto7, French Institute of Health and Medical Research8, University of Toulouse9, Paris Descartes University10, Cancer Council Victoria11, Trinity College, Dublin12, University College London13, Erasmus University Medical Center14
TL;DR: Socioeconomic circumstances, in addition to the 25 × 25 factors, should be targeted by local and global health strategies and health risk surveillance to reduce mortality.
752 citations
Authors
Showing all 20911 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Peer Bork | 206 | 697 | 245427 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |
Johan Auwerx | 158 | 653 | 95779 |
Silvia Franceschi | 155 | 1340 | 112504 |
Matthias Egger | 152 | 901 | 184176 |
Bart Staels | 152 | 824 | 86638 |
Fernando Rivadeneira | 146 | 628 | 86582 |
Christopher George Tully | 142 | 1843 | 111669 |
Richard S. J. Frackowiak | 142 | 309 | 100726 |
Peter Timothy Cox | 140 | 1267 | 95584 |
Jürg Tschopp | 140 | 328 | 86900 |
Stylianos E. Antonarakis | 138 | 746 | 93605 |
Michael Weller | 134 | 1105 | 91874 |