University of Virginia

About: University of Virginia is a education organization based out in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 52543 authors who have published 113268 publications receiving 5220506 citations. The organization is also known as: U of V & UVa.

Multiparametric scaling of diffraction intensities

Abstract: A novel and general approach to scaling diffraction intensities is presented. The method minimizes the disagreement among multiple measurements of symmetry-related reflections using a stable refinement procedure. The scale factors are described by a flexible exponential function that allows different scaling corrections to be chosen and combined according to the needs of the experiment. The scaling model presented here includes: scale and temperature factor per batch of data; temperature factor as a continuous function of the radiation dose; absorption in the crystal; uneven exposure within a single diffraction image; and corrections for phenomena that depend on the diffraction peak position on the detector. This scaling model can be extended to include additional corrections for various instrumental and data-collection problems.

Alloy models with the embedded-atom method

Abstract: A simple analytic nearest-neighbor embedded-atom-method model developed formonatomic fcc metals has been extended to study alloying. The two-bodypotential between different species of atoms is taken as a function of thetwo-body potentials for the pure metals with a unique form which yields alloymodels with the same invariance to electron density transformations asmonatomic models. With several approximations, all model parameters are givenby experimentally measured physical quantities. The dilute-limit heats ofsolution for all binary alloys of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, and Pt have beencalculated, with generally good agreement with available experimental valuesexcept for Pd, for which the calculated values are uniformly too high. Thequalitative relationships between the physical parameters of the solute andsolvent and the heat of solution have been determined.

The relation of kindergarten classroom environment to teacher, family, and school characteristics and child outcomes

Abstract: We observed 223 largely suburban or rural public school kindergarten classrooms in 3 states to describe classroom activities and child-teacher interactions involving 1 child per classroom. We also observed global classroom quality and assessed its relation to teacher, school, classroom, and family characteristics and target child out-comes. Classrooms were observed once for 3 hours starting at the beginning of the school day. Time samplings of activities, teacher behaviors, and child behaviors as well as global ratings of teacher-target child interactions and the classroom environment were obtained. The most frequently observed forms of activity were structured teacher-directed activity and whole-group instruction. There was tremendous variation in the occurrence of these activities across classrooms, ranging from 0% to 100% of the observation period. Global ratings of teachers' positive interactions with the target child, classroom instructional climate, and classroom child-centered climate were lower wh...

Definitions and Guidelines for Assessment of Wounds and Evaluation of Healing

Abstract: Background: Chronic wounds represent a worldwide problem. For laboratory and clinical research to adequately address this problem, a common language needs to exist. Observation: This language should include a system of wound classification, a lexicon of wound descriptors, and a description of the processes that are likely to affect wound healing and wound healing end points. Conclusions: The report that follows defines wound, acute wound, chronic wound, healing and forms of healing, wound assessment, wound extent, wound burden, and wound severity. The utility of these definitions is demonstrated as they relate to the healing of a skin wound, but these definitions are broadly applicable to all wounds. (Arch Dermatol. 1994;130:489-493)