Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

About: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is a nonprofit organization based out in Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Mantle (geology). The organization has 5685 authors who have published 18396 publications receiving 1202050 citations. The organization is also known as: WHOI.

Contribution of Southern Ocean surface-water stratification to low atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last glacial period

Abstract: Contribution of Southern Ocean surface-water stratification to low atmospheric CO 2 concentrations during the last glacial period

Circulation in the Coastal Ocean

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter analyzes circulation in the coastal ocean Much of the observational evidence discussed in the chapter comes from three shallow seas: Lake Ontario, the Mid-Atlantic Bight, and the Oregon shelf These are coastal oceans, whose circulation is explored through major cooperative experiments The chapter presents a unification of evidences from these three different shallow seas The emphasis is on the dynamic principles that underlie the conceptual models found to be successful in quantitatively accounting for observations, that is, on the fundamental physics of flow phenomena in the coastal ocean The quasi-geostrophic model is presented to explain wind-driven transient currents Concepts related to coastal constraint, velocity distribution, longshore pressure gradients are explained Response of stratified water column to wind is also explained Linear theory models for trapped waves and propagating fronts are discussed Observational evidence on wave and front propagation is presented Concept of steady parallel flow over a straight continental shelf is described Shelf circulation as a boundary-layer problem is explained Mean circulation of a stratified fluid and mean circulation of the mid-Atlantic bight is also discussed

The magnetotelluric method : theory and practice

Abstract: The magnetotelluric method is a technique for imaging the electrical conductivity and structure of the Earth, from the near-surface down to the 410 km transition zone and beyond. It is increasingly used in geological applications and the petroleum industry. This book forms the first comprehensive overview of magnetotellurics, from the salient physics and its mathematical representation, to practical implementation in the field, data processing, modeling, and geological interpretation. Electromagnetic induction in 1D, 2D, and 3D media is explored, building from first principles, and with thorough coverage of the practical techniques of time-series processing, distortion, numerical modeling and inversion. The fundamental principles are illustrated with a series of case histories describing geological applications. Technical issues, instrumentation and field practices are described for both land and marine surveys. This book provides a rigorous introduction to the magnetotelluric method for academic researchers and advanced students, and will be of interest to industrial practitioners and geoscientists wanting to incorporate rock conductivity into their interpretations.

Oceanic Dimethylsulfide: Production During Zooplankton Grazing on Phytoplankton

Abstract: About half the biogenic sulfur flux to the earth's atmosphere each year arises from the oceans. Dimethylsulfide (DMS), which constitutes about 90% of this marine sulfur flux, is presumed to originate from the decomposition of dimethylsulfoniopropionate produced by marine organisms, particularly phytoplankton. The rate of DMS release by phytoplankton is greatly increased when the phytoplankton are subjected to grazing by zooplankton. DMS production associated with such grazing may be the major mechanism of DMS production in many marine settings.

Greater role for Atlantic inflows on sea-ice loss in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean

Abstract: Arctic sea-ice loss is a leading indicator of climate change and can be attributed, in large part, to atmospheric forcing. Here, we show that recent ice reductions, weakening of the halocline, and shoaling of the intermediate-depth Atlantic Water layer in the eastern Eurasian Basin have increased winter ventilation in the ocean interior, making this region structurally similar to that of the western Eurasian Basin. The associated enhanced release of oceanic heat has reduced winter sea-ice formation at a rate now comparable to losses from atmospheric thermodynamic forcing, thus explaining the recent reduction in sea-ice cover in the eastern Eurasian Basin. This encroaching "atlantification" of the Eurasian Basin represents an essential step toward a new Arctic climate state, with a substantially greater role for Atlantic inflows.