Institution
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Nonprofit•Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States•
About: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is a nonprofit organization based out in Falmouth, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Mantle (geology). The organization has 5685 authors who have published 18396 publications receiving 1202050 citations. The organization is also known as: WHOI.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, robust regressions were established between relative sea-level (RSL) data and benthic foraminifera oxygen isotopic ratios from the North Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Ocean over the last climatic cycle.
1,908 citations
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TL;DR: The composition of chromian spinels in alpine-type peridotites has a large reciprocal range of Cr and Al, with increasing Cr# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) reflecting increasing degrees of partial melting in the mantle as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The composition of chromian spinel in alpine-type peridotites has a large reciprocal range of Cr and Al, with increasing Cr# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) reflecting increasing degrees of partial melting in the mantle. Using spinel compositions, alpine-type peridotites can be divided into three groups. Type I peridotites and associated volcanic rocks contain spinels with Cr# 0.60, and Type II peridotites and volcanics are a transitional group and contain spinels spanning the full range of spinel compositions in Type I and Type II peridotites. Spinels in abyssal peridotites lie entirely within the Type I spinel field, making ophiolites with Type I alpine-type peridotites the most likely candidates for sections of ocean lithosphere formed at a midocean ridge. The only modern analogs for Type III peridotites and associated volcanic rocks are found in arc-related volcanic and intrusive rocks, continental intrusive assemblages, and oceanic plateau basalts. We infer a sub-volcanic arc petrogenesis for most Type III alpine-type peridotites. Type II alpine-type peridotites apparently reflect composite origins, such as the formation of an island-arc on ocean crust, resulting in large variations in the degree and provenance of melting over relatively short distances. The essential difference between Type I and Type III peridotites appears to be the presence or absence of diopside in the residue at the end of melting.
1,884 citations
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TL;DR: It is found that the meridional overturning was nearly, or completely, eliminated during the coldest deglacial interval in the North Atlantic region, beginning with the catastrophic iceberg discharge Heinrich event H1, 17,500’yr ago, and declined sharply but briefly into the Younger Dryas cold event, about 12,700 yr ago.
Abstract: The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is widely believed to affect climate. Changes in ocean circulation have been inferred from records of the deep water chemical composition derived from sedimentary nutrient proxies1, but their impact on climate is difficult to assess because such reconstructions provide insufficient constraints on the rate of overturning2. Here we report measurements of 231Pa/230Th, a kinematic proxy for the meridional overturning circulation, in a sediment core from the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. We find that the meridional overturning was nearly, or completely, eliminated during the coldest deglacial interval in the North Atlantic region, beginning with the catastrophic iceberg discharge Heinrich event H1, 17,500 yr ago, and declined sharply but briefly into the Younger Dryas cold event, about 12,700 yr ago. Following these cold events, the 231Pa/230Th record indicates that rapid accelerations of the meridional overturning circulation were concurrent with the two strongest regional warming events during deglaciation. These results confirm the significance of variations in the rate of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation for abrupt climate changes.
1,875 citations
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Joint Genome Institute1, Bielefeld University2, University of Technology, Sydney3, University of California, Davis4, Bigelow Laboratory For Ocean Sciences5, University of British Columbia6, University of Nevada, Las Vegas7, University of Patras8, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution9, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign10, University of Queensland11
TL;DR: This study applies single-cell genomics to target and sequence 201 archaeal and bacterial cells from nine diverse habitats belonging to 29 major mostly uncharted branches of the tree of life and provides a systematic step towards a better understanding of biological evolution on the authors' planet.
Abstract: Genome sequencing enhances our understanding of the biological world by providing blueprints for the evolutionary and functional diversity that shapes the biosphere. However, microbial genomes that are currently available are of limited phylogenetic breadth, owing to our historical inability to cultivate most microorganisms in the laboratory. We apply single-cell genomics to target and sequence 201 uncultivated archaeal and bacterial cells from nine diverse habitats belonging to 29 major mostly uncharted branches of the tree of life, so-called 'microbial dark matter'. With this additional genomic information, we are able to resolve many intra- and inter-phylum-level relationships and to propose two new superphyla. We uncover unexpected metabolic features that extend our understanding of biology and challenge established boundaries between the three domains of life. These include a novel amino acid use for the opal stop codon, an archaeal-type purine synthesis in Bacteria and complete sigma factors in Archaea similar to those in Bacteria. The single-cell genomes also served to phylogenetically anchor up to 20% of metagenomic reads in some habitats, facilitating organism-level interpretation of ecosystem function. This study greatly expands the genomic representation of the tree of life and provides a systematic step towards a better understanding of biological evolution on our planet.
1,856 citations
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TL;DR: Removal of phosphate from detergents is not likely to slow the eutrophication of coastal marine waters, and its replacement with nitrogen-containing nitrilotriacetic acid may worsen the situation.
Abstract: The distribution of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus and bioassay experiments both show that nitrogen is the critical limiting factor to algal growth and eutrophication in coastal marine waters. About twice the amount of phosphate as can be used by the algae is normally present. This surplus results from the low nitrogen to phosphorus ratio in terrigenous contributions, including human waste, and from the fact that phosphorus regenerates more quickly than ammonia from decomposing organic matter. Removal of phosphate from detergents is therefore not likely to slow the eutrophication of coastal marine waters, and its replacement with nitrogen-containing nitrilotriacetic acid may worsen the situation.
1,828 citations
Authors
Showing all 5752 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Roberto Romero | 151 | 1516 | 108321 |
Jerry M. Melillo | 134 | 383 | 68894 |
Timothy J. Mitchison | 133 | 404 | 66418 |
Xiaoou Tang | 132 | 553 | 94555 |
Jillian F. Banfield | 127 | 562 | 60687 |
Matthew Jones | 125 | 1161 | 96909 |
Rodolfo R. Llinás | 120 | 386 | 52828 |
Ronald D. Vale | 117 | 342 | 49020 |
Scott C. Doney | 111 | 406 | 59218 |
Alan G. Marshall | 107 | 1060 | 46904 |
Peter K. Smith | 107 | 855 | 49174 |
Donald E. Canfield | 105 | 298 | 43270 |
Edward F. DeLong | 102 | 262 | 42794 |
Eric A. Davidson | 101 | 281 | 45511 |
Gary G. Borisy | 101 | 248 | 38195 |