Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Their Characteristics and Their Roles in Tumor Growth.
Kazuyoshi Shiga,Masayasu Hara,Takaya Nagasaki,Takafumi Sato,Hiroki Takahashi,Hiromitsu Takeyama +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions, and CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells.Abstract:
Cancer tissues are composed of cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and immune cells), in addition to the extracellular matrix. Most studies investigating carcinogenesis and the progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer have focused on alterations in cancer cells, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Recently, interactions between cancer cells and the stroma have attracted considerable attention, and increasing evidence has accumulated on this. Several researchers have gradually clarified the origins, features, and roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of the cancer stroma. CAFs function in a similar manner to myofibroblasts during wound healing. We previously reported the relationship between CAFs and angiogenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine, plays a central role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses, and important roles in the progression, including proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, of several cancers. We showed that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions. Furthermore, CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells. The interaction between cancer cells and the stroma could be a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.read more
Citations
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The β-catenin/YAP signaling axis is a key regulator of melanoma-associated fibroblasts
Tianyi Liu,Linli Zhou,Kun Yang,Kentaro Iwasawa,Ana Luisa Kadekaro,Takanori Takebe,Thomas Andl,Yuhang Zhang +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that β-catenin is indispensable for the activation of primary human stromal fibroblasts and the mediation of fibroblast-melanoma cell interactions and Mechanistic investigation revealed that YAP nuclear translocation is significantly modulated by Wnt/β- catenin activity in fibro Blasts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of pre-metastatic niche: the landscape of molecular and cellular pathways
Hao Wang,Junjie Pan,Livnat Barsky,Jule Caroline Jacob,Yan Zheng,Chao Gao,Shun Wang,Wenwei Zhu,Haoting Sun,Lu Lu,Hu-Liang Jia,Yue Zhao,Christiane Bruns,Razi Vago,Qiongzhu Dong,Lun-Xiu Qin +15 more
TL;DR: The key components and main characteristics of the pre-metastatic niche (PMN) are highlighted and potential therapeutic strategies are described, providing a promising foundation for future studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neoantigens and Microenvironment in Type 1 Diabetes: Lessons from Antitumor Immunity.
TL;DR: This opinion article aims at merging insight in antitumor immunology and autoimmunity to reveal processes that had previously been ignored to create beta cell-specific neoantigens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impairment of a distinct cancer-associated fibroblast population limits tumour growth and metastasis
Ute Jungwirth,Ute Jungwirth,Antoinette van Weverwijk,Antoinette van Weverwijk,Rachel J Evans,Liam Jenkins,David Vicente,John Alexander,Qiong Gao,Syed Haider,Marjan Iravani,Clare M. Isacke +11 more
TL;DR: This article showed that genetic deletion of the Endo180 (MRC2) receptor, predominantly expressed by a population of matrix-remodelling CAFs, profoundly limits tumour growth and metastasis, which can be recapitulated in 3D co-culture assays.
Journal ArticleDOI
LncRNA MALAT1 promotes gastric cancer progression via inhibiting autophagic flux and inducing fibroblast activation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that MALAT1 could promote interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in gastric cancer cells by blocking autophagic flux and activating normal to cancer-associated fibroblast conversion.
References
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