Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Their Characteristics and Their Roles in Tumor Growth.
Kazuyoshi Shiga,Masayasu Hara,Takaya Nagasaki,Takafumi Sato,Hiroki Takahashi,Hiromitsu Takeyama +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions, and CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells.Abstract:
Cancer tissues are composed of cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and immune cells), in addition to the extracellular matrix. Most studies investigating carcinogenesis and the progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer have focused on alterations in cancer cells, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Recently, interactions between cancer cells and the stroma have attracted considerable attention, and increasing evidence has accumulated on this. Several researchers have gradually clarified the origins, features, and roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of the cancer stroma. CAFs function in a similar manner to myofibroblasts during wound healing. We previously reported the relationship between CAFs and angiogenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine, plays a central role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses, and important roles in the progression, including proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, of several cancers. We showed that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions. Furthermore, CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells. The interaction between cancer cells and the stroma could be a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.read more
Citations
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Characterization of cancer-related fibroblasts (CAF) in hepatocellular carcinoma and construction of CAF-based risk signature based on single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data
Liang-He Yu,Ning-jia Shen,Yan Shi,Xin-tong Shi,Xiaohui Fu,Shuang-hui Li,Bin Zhu,Wenlong Yu,Yongjie Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: CAF-based risk signatures can effectively predict the prognosis of HCC, and comprehensive characterization of the CAF signature of Hcc may help to interpret the response of H CC to immunotherapy and provide new strategies for cancer treatment.
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CXCL14 and NOS1 expression in specimens from patients with stage I-IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer after curative resection.
TL;DR: Both the high expression of CXCL14 in stromal fibroblasts and the positive expression of NOS1 in cancer cells are independent negative predictors of PFS and OS in patients with stage I–IIIA NSCLC after curative resection.
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The Tumor Microenvironment as a Driving Force of Breast Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in regulating the BCSC phenotype and metastasis and found that the complexity of the TME is reflected in its number of players and in the interactions that they establish with each other.
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FAPI PET/CT in the Diagnosis of Abdominal and Pelvic Tumors
TL;DR: This review focuses on the recent research progress of FAPI PET/CT in the application to abdominal and pelvic tumors, with the aim of providing new insights for diagnostic strategies for tumor patients, especially those with metastases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quiescent hepatic stellate cells induce toxicity and sensitivity to doxorubicin in cancer cells through a caspase‐independent cell death pathway: Central role of apoptosis‐inducing factor
Dola Das,Ehsan Fayazzadeh,Ehsan Fayazzadeh,Xin Li,Xin Li,Nischal Koirala,Nischal Koirala,Akshay Wadera,Akshay Wadera,Min Lang,Min Lang,Maximilian Zernic,Catherine E P Panick,Catherine E P Panick,Pete Nesbitt,Gordon McLennan,Gordon McLennan +16 more
TL;DR: It is reported that inactivated or quiescent HSCs resist cancer cell growth by inducing cytotoxicity and enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity and that the conditioned media from Q‐HSCs (Q‐HSCCM) induces cancer cell death through a caspase‐independent mechanism that involves an increase in apoptosis‐inducing factor expression, nuclear localization, DNA fragmentation, and cell death.
References
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