Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Their Characteristics and Their Roles in Tumor Growth.
Kazuyoshi Shiga,Masayasu Hara,Takaya Nagasaki,Takafumi Sato,Hiroki Takahashi,Hiromitsu Takeyama +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions, and CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells.Abstract:
Cancer tissues are composed of cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and immune cells), in addition to the extracellular matrix. Most studies investigating carcinogenesis and the progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer have focused on alterations in cancer cells, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Recently, interactions between cancer cells and the stroma have attracted considerable attention, and increasing evidence has accumulated on this. Several researchers have gradually clarified the origins, features, and roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of the cancer stroma. CAFs function in a similar manner to myofibroblasts during wound healing. We previously reported the relationship between CAFs and angiogenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine, plays a central role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses, and important roles in the progression, including proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, of several cancers. We showed that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions. Furthermore, CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells. The interaction between cancer cells and the stroma could be a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.read more
Citations
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Targeting the tumour stroma to improve cancer therapy
TL;DR: An overview of the advances in understanding the complex cancer cell–tumour stroma interactions is provided and how this knowledge can result in more effective therapeutic strategies, which might ultimately improve patient outcomes are discussed.
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Nanoparticle design strategies for enhanced anticancer therapy by exploiting the tumour microenvironment
TL;DR: This review article summarized the recent progress in various nanoformulations for cancer therapy, with a special emphasis on tumour microenvironment stimuli-responsive ones, which it believes offer a good chance for the practical translation of nanoparticle formulas into clinic.
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Recent insights into targeting the IL-6 cytokine family in inflammatory diseases and cancer
TL;DR: The key roles of the IL-6 cytokine family in regulating innate and adaptive immunity, as well as other physiological responses are considered, which highlight the potential of targeting IL- 6 family members to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Book ChapterDOI
Tumor-Derived Exosomes and Their Role in Cancer Progression.
TL;DR: Tumor-derived exosomes may interfere with cancer immunotherapy, but they also could serve as adjuvants and antigenic components of antitumor vaccines and are of potential interest as noninvasive biomarkers of cancer.
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Integrating microarray-based spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-seq reveals tissue architecture in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas
Reuben Moncada,Dalia Barkley,Florian Wagner,Marta Chiodin,Joseph C. Devlin,Maayan Baron,Cristina H. Hajdu,Diane M. Simeone,Itai Yanai +8 more
TL;DR: Applying multimodal intersection analysis to primary pancreatic tumors, it is found that subpopulations of ductal cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and cancer cells have spatially restricted enrichments, as well as distinct coenrichments with other cell types.
References
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The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts, solid stress and other microenvironmental factors in tumor progression and therapy resistance.
Gvantsa Kharaishvili,Dana Simkova,Katerina Bouchalova,Mariam Gachechiladze,Nato Narsia,Jan Bouchal +5 more
TL;DR: This review provides recent data on the main components of a dynamic system, such as carcinoma associated fibroblasts that change the extracellular matrix (ECM) topology, induce stemness and promote metastasis-initiating cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of endothelial–mesenchymal transition in development and pathological process
TL;DR: To explore the signaling mechanisms of EndMT, which are believed to function as fibroblasts in damaged tissue and may therefore have an important role in pathological process, may provide novel therapeutic strategies for treating cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipocyte is a non-trivial, dynamic partner of breast cancer cells.
TL;DR: In vitro and in vivo evidence is provided that adipocytes located close to invasive cancer cells, referred to as cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), are essential for breast tumor development/progression and their deleterious function is dependent, at least partly, on their crosstalk with invasivecancer cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts Are a Promising Therapeutic Target
TL;DR: The therapeutic feasibility of targeting tumour-promoting CAFs as well as disrupting heterotypic interactions with other cell types in tumours that may improve the efficacy of current anti-tumour therapies are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hematopoietic origin of fibroblasts/myofibroblasts: Its pathophysiologic implications.
TL;DR: By transplanting clones derived from single HSCs expressing transgenic enhanced green fluorescent protein, it is found that fibroblasts/myofibro Blasts in many organs and tissues are derived from HSCS.