Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Their Characteristics and Their Roles in Tumor Growth.
Kazuyoshi Shiga,Masayasu Hara,Takaya Nagasaki,Takafumi Sato,Hiroki Takahashi,Hiromitsu Takeyama +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions, and CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells.Abstract:
Cancer tissues are composed of cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells (e.g., fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and immune cells), in addition to the extracellular matrix. Most studies investigating carcinogenesis and the progression, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer have focused on alterations in cancer cells, including genetic and epigenetic changes. Recently, interactions between cancer cells and the stroma have attracted considerable attention, and increasing evidence has accumulated on this. Several researchers have gradually clarified the origins, features, and roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of the cancer stroma. CAFs function in a similar manner to myofibroblasts during wound healing. We previously reported the relationship between CAFs and angiogenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine, plays a central role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses, and important roles in the progression, including proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, of several cancers. We showed that CAFs are an important IL-6 source and that anti-IL-6 receptor antibody suppressed angiogenesis and inhibited tumor-stroma interactions. Furthermore, CAFs contribute to drug-resistance acquisition in cancer cells. The interaction between cancer cells and the stroma could be a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.read more
Citations
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Roles of phenotypic heterogeneity and microenvironment feedback in early tumor development.
TL;DR: A minimal model of the tissue microenvironment is developed which considers three interacting subpopulations: healthy, phenotypically dysregulated, and mutated cancer cells and delineates the regime in which microenvironment feedback accelerates the rate of cancer initiation.
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Cancer Selective Turn-On Fluorescence Imaging Using a Biopolymeric Nanocarrier
Yoon Jeong,Garam Kim,Garam Kim,Soohyun Jeong,Byung Chul Lee,Sang-Eun Kim,Sang-Eun Kim,Won Gun Koh,Kangwon Lee +8 more
TL;DR: The efficacy of the selective turn-on fluorescence of the nanocarriers in in vitro coculture models and in vivo tumor-bearing models is demonstrated.
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CAR-T Therapy for Solid Tumors: Development of New Strategies
TL;DR: This review outlines some new technologies developed to equip CAR-T cells to enhance efficiency while decreasing toxicity ofCAR-T therapies in solid tumors.
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Up-Regulation of Activating Transcription Factor 3 in Human Fibroblasts Inhibits Melanoma Cell Growth and Migration Through a Paracrine Pathway.
Tingjian Zu,Jie Wen,Lin Xu,Hui Li,Jun Mi,Cord Brakebusch,David E. Fisher,Xunwei Wu,Xunwei Wu +8 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that ATF3 suppresses human melanoma growth and that inducing the expression of ATF3 in HDFs can inhibit melanoma Growth, a new potential melanoma therapeutic approach.
References
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